Dragon Fruit Cultivation: Complete Information About Dragon Fruit

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 24, 2023

Dragon Fruit Cultivation: Complete Information About Dragon Fruit

Table of Contents

Dragon Fruit : Are you interested in dragon fruit farming in India? If so, we can assist you. The first thing we need to know is what dragon fruit is. The following information is about dragon fruit cultivation and its varieties.

Ornamental climbing vines and species of the Cactaceae family produce dragon fruit. There is a delicate sweetness to this fruit, while its pink skin and green scales give it an alluring appearance. As a result of its scaly appearance, dragon fruit was called dragon fruit. The fruit is oval in shape and measures 6-12 cm in diameter. There are black edible seeds inside the white pulp. You have come to the right place if you’re interested in cultivating dragon fruit for commercial purposes!

There is a growing demand for it in India, but it is famous primarily in Thailand, Vietnam, Israel, and Sri Lanka. There is a price range of Rs. 150 to 250 per kilogram of dragon fruit in India. Those regions with less rainfall tend to produce the most of this fruit. As a fruit-producing plant, dragon fruit can be treated as an ornamental climbing vine. Apart from this, it can also be consumed fresh as fruits, made into jams, juices, ice creams, jellies, and wine, or used as face packs. This fruit is also known as Pitaya, Pitahaya, queen of the night, strawberry pear, and noblewoman throughout the world.

Farming Dragon Fruits in India: How to Get Started

Let’s talk about cultivating dragon fruit. Here we will tell you about

The climate requirements for growing dragon fruit
Cultivation of dragon fruit requires suitable soil
Preparation of the land for dragon fruit farming
Plantation of dragon fruit
Planting and training dragon fruit
Fertilizer and manure based on dragon fruit
The irrigation of dragon fruit
Insects and diseases
A harvesting of dragon fruits

The first step in starting a dragon fruit farm is to know how to do it. Also, where does dragon fruit grow and others?

Dragon fruit farming requires a specific climate

A poor soil condition and temperature variation are necessary for the growth of this fruit tree. As a result, dragon fruit farming thrives in tropical climates. For Protected Cultivation, 50 cm of rainfall is ideal. Temperatures between 20 °C and 30 °C are required for dragon fruit cultivation. Too much sunlight can damage dragon fruit plants. Providing shade is the best way to cultivate it in an area with high sunlight.

Soil for Dragon Fruit Cultivation

There are different types of soil in which you can grow this fruit, including sandy loam and clay loam. It does, however, require sandy soils with good organic matter and excellent drainage for cultivation. Dragon fruit farming requires a pH between 5.5 and 7.

Agricultural Land Preparation for Dragon Fruit

The field must be ploughed until it has achieved fine tilth and no weeds have grown. A proportionate amount of organic compost should then be applied after that.

Method for plantation of dragon fruits

Cuttings are the most common method of propagating dragon fruit. It can, however, also be propagated by seeds. The seeds, however, do not retain the characteristics of their mother plants for a long time. If you own a commercial dragon fruit farm, the seeds method is not appropriate. Therefore, you should use cuttings from the quality mother plant if you want the full benefits of dragon fruit farming. Planting in the field should be done with the cuttings of 20 cm. The cuttings must also be piled up two days before planting.

Dry cow dung can now be used to plant them. It is recommended that you keep a distance of two meters between plants. For the size of the pits, you will need to dig 60 centimeters by 60 centimeters by 60 centimeters. Topsoil and manure, as well as 100 grams of superphosphate, are needed to fill these pits. One acre of land can accommodate about 1700 plants.

Plant training for dragon fruit

The concrete or wooden columns will help you get the highest profit from dragon fruit farming or ensure proper plant growth. Plants that are still immature must be tied to these columns. A round/circular metal frame is required to maintain the dragon shrub.

Fertilizer and manure for dragon fruit

Organic manure plays an important role in the growth and development of dragon fruit plants. The amount of organic compost you need to apply to each plant is 10 to 15 kilograms. Each year, you should add 2 kg of manure. Besides organic fertilisers, it also needs inorganic fertilisers for good vegetative growth. For the vegetative stage, muriate of potash:superphosphate:urea should be used in a ratio of 40:90:70 grams per plant.

The fruit-bearing stage also requires high potash and low nitrogen. Fertilisers with urea, superphosphate and muriate of potash should be applied during flowering and harvesting. You can give this solution before flowering, as soon as fruit begins to develop, and after harvesting. Your dragon fruit farm can be more productive if you use it.

Dragon Fruit Irrigation

The water requirement of this plant is lower than that of others. If the weather is hot or dry, you can irrigate it frequently during the planting, flowering, and fruit development stages. The use of drip irrigation can help you conserve water.

Diseases and pests

There are no pests or diseases in this farming, which is its greatest advantage. Therefore, you do not apply any other chemicals to the plants. This reduces the cost per acre of dragon fruit cultivation.

Dragon Fruit Harvesting

During the first year of the plant’s life, dragon fruit begins to appear on the plant. In the month of August to December, the plant bears fruit, and after a month of flowering, the fruit is ready to harvest. Aside from this, the flowering period lasts until December. This period allows you to pick up these fruits six times. The best time to harvest the fruits is when they turn red. 3 to 4 days after colour change is the ideal time for harvesting. Exporting them requires harvesting them after 1 day of colour change. The production per acre is between 5 and 6 tonnes.

We will also discuss how you can practice dragon fruit farming in different Indian states.

Dragon Fruit Farming in the Different States of India

India is also experiencing a surge in demand for dragon fruit. There is a growing demand for this exotic fruit, but there is a limited supply. India can profit from dragon fruit farming because of this. As a result, this type of farming has attracted a great deal of attention from Indian farmers. Commercial dragon fruit cultivation is mainly carried out by farmers in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and the Andaman & Nicobar Islands. This fruit farming is also being conducted in West Bengal, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.

Dragon Fruit Health Benefits

Besides its delicious taste, dragon fruit offers several health benefits. Here are a few benefits to consider.

1. High in Nutrients

People can stay healthy and fit by eating dragon fruit, which contains several nutrients. These are the nutrients:

Calories: 136
Protein: 3 grams
Fibre: 7 grams
Iron: 8% of the RDI
Fat: 0 grams
Carbohydrates: 29 grams
Vitamin E: 4% of the RDI
Magnesium: 18% of the RDI
Vitamin C: 9% of the RDI

2. Fight Chronic Disease

A variety of powerful antioxidants can be found in dragon fruit. As well as neutralizing free radicals to prevent inflammation and cell damage, antioxidants prevent the formation of free radicals.

Vitamin C : Studies have found vitamin C intake reduces the cancer risk.
Betalains : Betalains can combat oxidative stress and can suppress cancer cells.
Carotenoids : Carotenoids have the ability to reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer.

3. Good Source of Fibre

According to health authorities, men should consume 38 grams of fibre per day and women 25 grams. The role of fibre in digestion is, however, well known. Additionally, it helps reduce the risk of colon cancer, manage type 2 diabetes, and maintain a healthy weight.

4. Strengthens Immune System

You can influence the quality of your immune system (your body’s ability to fight infection) by changing your diet. As it contains vitamin C and carotenoids, dragon fruit may boost your body’s ability to fight infection and prevent disease. White blood cells are also protected by it.

5. Keeps a Healthy Gut

Microorganisms in your gut can have a significant impact on your health, and imbalances may lead to asthma and heart disease. Dragon fruit contains prebiotics, so you can consume it. Adding it to your diet can help balance your gut bacteria.

6. Boost Low Iron Levels

Fruits containing iron are dragon fruits. Oxygen is transported throughout the body by iron. Food is also broken down into energy by it.

7. Good Source of Magnesium

One cup of dragon fruit contains about 18% of your RDI (Recommended Dietary Intake) of magnesium. Magnesium is also present in your body in the amount of 24g.

Importance of Dragon Fruit

The following are some other benefits of dragon fruit.

Helps in lowering cholesterol
Helps in weight management
High in fats and proteins
Good source of antioxidants
Helps in preventing arthritis
Helps in improving heart health
High in vitamins & minerals
Helps in fighting against ageing
Helps in preventing asthma

Dragon Fruit Varieties

There are several types of dragon fruit cultivated around the world.

1. Undatus Hylocereus

The Pitahaya is also known as white flesh with pink skin. There are edible black seeds in the fruit, which is 6-12 cm long and 4-9 cm thick. Among dragon fruit types, it is famous.

2. Polyrhizus Hylocereus

Red Pitaya is another name for this variety, which has pink skin and red flesh. Originally from Mexico, this variety is now available in many countries. Among the different types of dragon fruit varieties, this variety is the most profitable.

3. The Hylocereus Costaricensis

The Costa Rican Pitaya variety is also known by its other name, Costa Rican Pitaya. The fruits are magenta, and the seeds are pear-shaped, and the flesh is violet-red with pink skin. Dragon fruit can easily be grown in India.

4. Megalanthus Hylocereus (Selenicereus)

This fruit is native to South America and renowned for its white flesh and yellow skin. The dragon fruit variety looks beautiful among the others.

Dragon Fruit: How to Eat It

Dragon fruit has a thick, leathery skin that can seem intimidating, but eating it is fairly straightforward. Look for a bright red dragon fruit when your dragon fruit is unripe. Overripe fruit has a lot of spots, but not too many. Unlike avocados and kiwis, a ripe dragon fruit must not be mushy.

Dragon fruit can be eaten in a few different ways.

The fruit should be cut in half lengthwise using a sharp knife.
The white pulp should be scooped out with a spoon.
Without cutting into the peel, you can cut the pulp into cubes.
The cubes can be found on the back of the skin if you press on it.
Salads and other dishes can now be prepared with it.

Bottom Line for Dragon Fruit Cultivation

Creating a dragon fruit business plan is the first step to starting this business. Dragon fruit cultivation costs per acre, where dragon fruit is grown, where dragon fruit is sold in India, and other factors can be included here. The farming is also profitable. Just do it if you’re going to do it commercially.

Dragon Fruit Farming FAQs

Que. Dragon fruit grows where?

Ans. Dragon fruit grows in tropical climates and places with less rainfall.

Que. What is the best place in India to sell dragon fruit?

Ans. The dragon fruit can be exported or sold on the domestic market.

Que. What is the best way to cultivate dragon fruit?

Ans. Make a dragon fruit business plan and cultivate it easily.

Que. Can dragon fruit be grown in India?

Ans. Yes, dragon fruit can be grown in different states of India, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Andhra, etc.

Que. How profitable is dragon fruit farming?

Ans. Dragon fruit farming is very profitable. You can get a net profit of 4 lakhs in one-acre dragon fruit farming.

Que. Is there a demand for dragon fruit in India?

Ans. Yes, dragon fruit is in massive demand in Indian cities due to its nutritional value.

Que. How long does the dragon fruit plant take to bear fruit?

Ans. Dragon fruit plants bear fruits in the first year.

Que. What is dragon fruit cultivation cost per acre?

Ans. Rs 3 to 4 Lakh is the per-acre estimated cost for dragon fruit cultivation.

Top 10 Agriculture States in India: Largest Crop Producers!

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 20, 2023

0

Top 10 Agriculture States in India: Largest Crop Producers!

The Top Agriculture States in India : In India, agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for around 58% of the population. Food grains and other food items are growing in the agricultural states of India. Agricultural exports from India contribute significantly to world trade and are growing at a rapid rate. Food and grocery sales in India account for 70% of the global market.

Agriculture in India is evolving at the same pace as the country’s development. There is a change in the way food is produced and consumed. Over the last few years, India has experienced an increase in population, income, and rural/urban migration, as well as an increase in rural productivity per capita. These factors increased the demand for food as well.

The per capita GDP of India is expected to increase by 320% in the next 20 years. As time changes, so does the trend. Plant-based protein is being replaced with animal-based protein as Indians consume high-quality foods. Increasing income levels and rapidly increasing consumer demands have made this possible. This is a list of the top 10 agriculture states in India.

Top 10 Crops Producing States of India

The following is a state-by-state breakdown of agricultural production in India. This will provide you with information regarding the major crops of India. I would like to share with you the top 10 agriculture states in India.

1. West Bengal

India’s largest producer of food grains is West Bengal. In terms of rice production, it is second only to Andhra Pradesh, followed by Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh. As well as rice, it produces jute, sesamum, tobacco, and tea. Rice is produced in West Bengal in 146.05 lakh tons at a yield of 2600 kilograms per hectare. As a rice producing state in India, it falls under this category. It produces mangoes, litchis, pineapples, guavas, and oranges.

They produce nearly all the items, including cauliflower, tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbages, okras, and brinjas. West Bengal produces rice, jute, and wheat as its main crops. A number of spices are grown in West Bengal, including chillies, ginger, garlic, coriander, and turmeric. Indian agriculture is dominated by West Bengal.

2. Uttar Pradesh

There are many crop productions in Uttar Pradesh such as bajra, rice, sugarcane, food grains, and other crops, making it one of the top farming states in India. Haryana, Punjab, and Madhya Pradesh are the top three wheat-producing states in India. The weather in Uttar Pradesh is suitable for growing wheat, and the state has 22.5 million tons of wheat. Uttar Pradesh grows wheat on 96 lakh hectares.

There is a large sugarcane production hub in Uttar Pradesh, and sugarcane is the most produced crop in the world. Uttar Pradesh is the best state for growing sugarcane because it has a hot, humid climate. The state grows sugarcane on 2.17 million hectares and has 145.39 million tons of it.

3. Punjab

Punjab is the most fertile state in the world. Punjab has the best conditions for growing wheat, sugarcane, rice, vegetables, and fruits. Known as the granary of India and India’s breadbasket, Punjab is also called the breadbasket of the country. The production of food grain accounts for around 93% of all productive land. Paddy and wheat are the most commonly planted crops in Punjab. And this area increases over the year.

Punjab is India’s third largest producer of farming crops. The irrigation system is suitable for farming, and it is well known for it. Food grains are also produced in Punjab in the third largest quantity.

4. Gujarat

Gujarat has the fastest growth rate in India. The development pattern adopted by this state was wise. A double digit growth was achieved through investments in agriculture, energy, and industry. Producing crops in Gujarat is difficult due to its variable climate. Advanced crop management can be used to manipulate crop environments for high yields.

The state of Gujarat produces cotton, groundnut, castor, bajra, tur, green gram, sesamum, paddy, maize, sugarcane, and sugar. After Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Telangana produced a great deal of cotton. Groundnuts grew here as well.

5. Haryana

Haryana is the next farming state. Agriculture is a major contributor to Haryana’s economy. Agriculture is the main source of income for about 70% of the locals. The Green Revolution in India is largely credited to Haryana. The irrigation system in Haryana is massive due to all of these factors.

The top crops grown in Haryana are sugarcane, paddy, wheat, and sunflowers. Sunflower is the second largest crop in India. There is also livestock farming in Haryana. It is estimated that there are 99.97 lakh livestock populations in India. There is a daily consumption of milk products in India. A healthy diet is essential. The state ranks among the top agricultural states in the country.

6. Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh is known for its production of pulses, followed by Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. In addition to soybeans, garlic is also produced in the area. There has been considerable success in pulse farming in Madhya Pradesh. Farmers in Madhya Pradesh earn most of their income from wheat and maize. Among other pulses, there are urads, soybeans, and turs.

Because Madhya Pradesh has the largest area, it has different climates and soil conditions that make it suitable for a wide range of agriculture products. It is important to note that the agriculture sector in Madhya Pradesh is one of the backbones of the Indian economy. The agriculture sector in Madhya Pradesh is responsible for 65% of employment and 14% of the state’s gross domestic product (GSDP).

7.Assam

Agriculture plays a significant role in the economy of Assam. Assam is among the least developed states of the country. Agriculture is the basis of almost all Assam’s economy, and 70% of the population relies on agriculture income for their livelihood. Around the world, tea is consumed on a regular basis after water.

Tea is one of the most popular products produced in Assam. In terms of tea production, it is the largest state in India, followed by Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, and other states in North India. India is well known for its Nilgiri teas, Darjeeling teas, Assam teas, and Kangra teas. India’s total tea production was largely derived from Assam.

8. Andhra Pradesh

The agricultural sector accounts for 62% of the population in Andhra Pradesh. A greater emphasis is placed on the production of rice. 77% of the crop production in India is produced in Andhra Pradesh. Jowar, bajra, maize, ragi, tobacco, pulses, sugarcane, and many other crops are also grown in the country.

An area of 1.5 million hectares is used for horticulture in Andhra Pradesh. Almost 720 thousand hectares of this allotted land are used for the production of fruit.

9. Karnataka

A significant portion of the Karnataka economy is devoted to agriculture. The state’s population is primarily engaged in agriculture. There is a great deal of support for agriculture in Karnataka due to the weather climate. There are several crops grown in Karnataka during Kharif season, including rice, maize, moong dal, red chilies, sugarcane, groundnuts, soybeans, turmeric, and cotton. Among the rabi crops grown in Karnataka are mustard, sesamum, barley, wheat, and peas. A number of Indian states are ranked among the top in terms of agriculture, including Karnataka.

Coffee is a popular industry in the state, contributing 70% of the country’s total production. Coffee was grown in Karnataka in an amount of 222300 metric tons.

10. Chhattisgarh

The state of Chhattisgarh is known as the Rice Bowl of Central India. Rice, millets, and maize are some of the crops grown in Chhattisgarh. Rice is grown on 77% of the land in Chhattisgarh. Rainfall is the only source of income for Chhattisgarh. It is estimated that only 20% of the entire region is irrigated.

Fruit Crops – Lime, Cashew-nut, Guava, Cheku, Mango and etc.
Vegetables Crops – Cucurbits, Cabbage, Beans, Cauliflower etc.
Spices – Ginger, Turmeric, Methi, Coriander, Chili, Garlic etc.
Flowers – Marry-gold, Gladiolus, Gaillardia, Gladiolus etc.
Medicinal Plants – Jamarosa, E.citridora, Pamarosa, Lemongrass etc.

Indian Government Schemes for Farmers

In India, farmers are called “Annadata”. A number of programs and schemes have been initiated for farmers by the Government of India in order to support them continuously. Agriculture is always a priority for the Indian government. A list of government schemes for farmers is provided below.

Indian Agriculture Facts

Among the world’s agricultural producers, India is ranked second.
In terms of exports, India is ranked eighth in the world.
In terms of milk production, India is the world’s largest, while in terms of fruit production, it is the second largest.
Agriculture accounts for 60% of the Indian population.
Horticultural and livestock production is a major source of income for small and marginal farmers in India.

The following are a list of the most important crops in India divided by state. After reading this blog, I hope that all of your doubts have been cleared. Aarug Agro will provide you with further updates

Cotton Production in India: Process & Benefits of Cotton Farming!

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 20, 2023

0

Cotton Production in India: Process & Benefits of Cotton Farming!

Table of Contents

Cotton Farming: Textiles and clothes are made from cotton, a Kharif crop. The Kharif crop matures in 6-8 months. Depending on the climate conditions, crops are harvested and sown at different times in different regions. The crop is sown in April-May and harvested in December-January to avoid damage from winter frosts. Soil with a high temperature is required for planting. Cotton has been around since 5000 BC. Mexico had cotton fibers and boll fragments around 5000 BC. There have been 5000 years of use of cotton in India and Egypt.

Indian Cotton Types

Cotton is available in three types. Fibers are classified according to their strength, length, and structure.

Long-Staple Cotton

Fibers of this type range from 24 to 27 mm in length, as its name implies. There is a lot of shine and fineness to this fiber. Superior and fine quality cloth can be made with this fiber. Among the types of cotton that are most commonly used in India and have the lowest Kapas prices is long-staple cotton. Over half of the total cotton production in India is long-staple cotton. There are several states that produce long-staple cotton, including Punjab, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Haryana, and AP.

Medium Staple Cotton

Fiber lengths in medium staple cotton range from 20 mm to 24 mm. Kapas produces almost 44% medium staples. Maharashtra, Punjab, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Uttar Pradesh, and Karnataka are the major states. It provides good quality clothes in India, being the second most widely used fiber. The price is reasonable.

Short Staple Cotton

Cotton with a short staple is inferior to cotton with a long staple. Staples of short-staple cotton are less than 20 mm long. Low-priced inferior cloth was manufactured by it. About 6% of the total production of cotton is made up of short staple cotton. As far as short-staple cotton production goes, AP, UP, Haryana, Punjab, and Haryana lead the way.

Cotton Production Process in India

Here, we are showing cotton processing steps.

Planting
cotton-planting

Creating furrows in the soil is the first step in cotton production. Early February and late June are the best times to plant cotton. Furrows and direct water irrigation help warm the soil faster. The soil is ready for planting at 65 degrees. Soil is planted with seeds by farmers.

Cotton farming requires this process, which is both important and difficult. Nevertheless, it becomes easier if the proper precautions are taken and the farm machines are advanced. Farmers should use heavy farm machinery for planting and soil preparation, such as harrows, cultivators, land levelers, etc. A good soil is prepared for good production by improving its quality.

Growing

Plants grow in the next step. A seed sprouts up from the soil within 1-2 weeks of planting. Two to five feet tall, the plant blooms after 8-10 weeks. With three days to go, the white flower will turn pinkish-red from its creamy white color. A developing boll remains behind after the flower withers and falls off. The cotton boll develops in about 10 weeks.

Boll Opening
Boll Opening

The third step involves opening the cotton bolls, allowing the white dry bolls to evaporate, and fluffing the fiber. Cotton crops can then be harvested after this process. It takes 50-70 days for cotton bolls to open after blooming.
- Picking
picker

A farm machine is needed for this step in order to remove the fiber from the plant. Pickers are machines used to harvest cotton, the process known as picking. At a time, the machine can harvest up to six or eight rows. Late October or early July is the harvesting season for cotton.
- Modules
Modules

To make a module, the picker’s cotton is dumped on the ground and compressed with a hydraulic module builder. Field storage is provided for the modules.
- Ginning
Ginning

This process involves transporting the modules to the cotton gain, where the cotton is dried, cleaned, and the fiber is mechanically separated. Gins are machines with circular saws that separate raw fibers using ribs. Seeds cannot pass through the ribs. A machine carefully separates the fiber from the cottonseed.
- Cottonseed
Cottonseed

Cotton oil, cotton meal, hulls, and other important products can be made from cottonseed after it has been separated.
- Cotton Fiber
CottonFiber

Raw fiber is pressed into bales through this process, called lint. There are many uses for cotton fiber, including clothes, textiles, and many others. Eight steel straps secure the bales, they’re tested by experts, they’re wrapped with protection, and they’re shipped to yards, mills, and other countries.

Benefits of Cotton Production

The benefits of cotton include its use in clothing, bedsheets, curtains, and jackets.
Food and cosmetics can be made from cotton seed oil.
Oil, plastics, coffee filters, and rubber are profitable.

Which is the Largest Cotton Producing State in India?

Gujarat

Gujarat is India’s leading cotton producer. Cotton is produced on 26.59 lakh hectares in India and covers 95 lakh bales. Cotton production in this state in 2019-20 is profitable due to the annual rainfall and black soil. Among the most popular cotton production regions are Vadodara, Mehsana, Bharuch, Surendranagar, and Ahmedabad. As a result of the huge amount of cotton produced in Gujarat, the state is a center for the textile industry.

Maharashtra

Maharashtra produced 82 lakh bales of cotton in India, making it the country’s largest cotton producer. Maharashtra produces cotton on 42.54 lakh hectares. Akola, Wardha, and Amravati are the largest cotton-producing regions in Maharashtra.

Telangana

A total of 53 lakh bales of cotton are produced in Telangana, which covers 18.27 lakh hectares in India. In the state, cotton is mostly produced in Guntur, Anantapur, Prakasam, and Kurnool.

Rajasthan

Approximately 6.29 lakh hectares of Rajasthan are covered by cotton fields that produce 25 lakh bales of cotton per year. Among the regions are Bhilwara, Ajmer, Chittorgarh, Jhalawar, Pali and Hanumangarh.

Haryana

As the fifth-largest producer of cotton in the world, Haryana produces 22 lakh bales annually. Haryana has a cotton plantation covering 7.08 lakh hectares. There are major regions in Fatehabad, Sirsa, Hisar, Bhiwani, Jhajjar, Charkhi Dadri, Faridabad, Mewat, Palwal, Panipat, Karnal, Gurugram, Rohtak, Jind, and Kaithal.

Madhya Pradesh

The state of Madhya Pradesh produces 20 lakh bales annually. Cotton is grown on 5.79 lakh hectares in MP. There are four cotton-producing regions in India: Bhopal, Dewas, Ratlam, and Nimar.

Karnataka

India’s seventh largest cotton-producing state, Karnataka, produces 18 lakh bales of cotton per year. Karnataka covers 6.88 lakh hectares with cotton. Due to ideal conditions for cotton production, Kapas grew on the North Karnataka Plateau. Belgaum, Gulbarga, Dharwad, and Gulbarga are the major reasons.

Punjab

Approximately 2.68 lakh hectares of land are devoted to agriculture in Punjab, which produces 13 lakh bales each year in India. In addition to Ludhiyana and Moga, there are also Bhatinda, Faridkot, Sangrur, and Mansa.

TamilNadu

In Tamilnadu, cotton is grown on 1.31 lakh hectares and 6 lakh bales of cotton are produced every year. TamilNadu has cotton-producing districts such as Vellalore, Ramanathapuram, Coimbatore, Salem, Madurai, and Tiruchirapalli.

Odisha

The state of Orissa produces 4 lakh bales of cotton per year for India and 1.58 lakh hectares of cotton land. Orissa’s main cotton-producing state is Subarnapur.

States	Production (2019-20)	Area (Hectares)	Yield (Kg/Hectares)
Gujarat	95 Lakh	26.59 lakh	556.22
Maharashtra	82 Lakh	42.54 lakh	307.71
Telangana	53 Lakh	18.27 lakh	437.33
Rajasthan	25 Lakh	6.29 lakh	675.68
Haryana	22 Lakh	7.08 lakh	552.26
Madhya Pradesh	20 Lakh	5.79 lakh	664.50
Karnataka	18 Lakh	6.88 lakh	370.64
Punjab	13 Lakh	2.68 lakh	729.48
Tamilnadu	6 Lakh	1.31 lakh	778.63
Odisha	4 Lakh	1.58 lakh	484.18

Which Are The Largest Countries of Cotton Production in the World?

In terms of cotton production, India is the world’s top agricultural producer. In this chart, we display the largest Kapas-producing countries in the world ranked by production (1000 480 lb. bales). In terms of cotton production, India ranks first in the world with 28500 (1000 480 lb. Bales). The cotton production area in India is 125.84 lakh hectares.

Following are the leading cotton producers in the world.

India – 28,500
China – 26,500
United States – 19,500
Brazil – 12,000
Pakistan – 6,300
Turkey – 3,300
Uzbekistan – 3,250
Australia – 1,700
Greece – 1,640
Benin – 1450
For more latest updates related to agriculture stay tuned with Aarug Agro.

Indian Terrace Farming: Cultivation, Types, and Benefits

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 19, 2023

0

Indian Terrace Farming: Cultivation, Types, and Benefits

Table of Contents

Terrace Farming : Hilly agricultural land can only be farmed on terraces. It has several other advantages as well. Soil erosion can be stopped and soil can be conserved through this method of farming. This method of farming assures the production of versatile crops. The purpose of this farming goes beyond cultivating lands that would not otherwise be suitable for agriculture. Hills are mainly used for farming. Terrace farming can be practiced using new technologies and agricultural trends, which are highly productive and easy to use.

This farming method was invented by the Incas in the South American mountains. Cultivating crops in mountainous or hilly areas has become possible due to this farming method. Good productivity is gained through this agricultural idea.

The information on terrace farming in India can be found in this blog. Keep reading to the end!

What Is Terrace Farming?

Crops are grown on terraces by rearranging farmland for cultivation. Terrace farming involves growing crops on mountains and hills. It is the process of cutting a slop into a series of flat surfaces in order to make farming more effective. Terraces are platforms. Regardless of whether the upper one is full or not, the water will always flow to the lower one. Furthermore, farming in India can be profitable.

A farm’s terraces are either level or tilted. Soil infiltration properties determine their effectiveness. A level surface is achieved by soil infiltration.

Broad-Base Terrace Farming:- A terrace farm can be used on any slope, as it is suitable even for gentle hills.
Grassed Back-Slope Terrace Farming:- The back slope cover is perennial grass, so this is perennial terracing.
Narrow-Base Terrace Farming:- This is another example of perennial terracing, but in this case the back and front sides are covered with permanent crops.

Systems for cultivating terraces

The following are common terrace cultivation systems, which can be used on a large scale or for subsistence agriculture. The future of Indian agriculture can be seen in it.

1. Bench Terracing

The bench system in farming is similar to benches or stairs that are arranged regularly along a slope with flat or nearly flat platforms. Rice is commonly grown using this system of agriculture.

2. Contour Terracing

A grassed waterway is included in this terrace system, as well as a point row. Due to irregularities in space, this kind of system requires less input to set up but is quite challenging to farm.

3. Parallel Terracing

It is easier to implement a Parallel system for farming tasks, so keep it as parallel as possible. They can, however, be made through land leveling if the slope does not allow it. The use of different implements is therefore highly required in this type of farming.

Therefore, these are the emerging trends in terrace farming or types of farming to increase yields.

The benefits of terrace farming

This terrace farming system was introduced by ancient Incas. Asia is known for its mountainous rice paddies. Terrace farming is essential in hilly areas for a number of reasons. Terracing farming has many benefits for both humans and the environment.

The productivity and farmability of sloped fields are enhanced.
The system conserves water, reduces runoff, and improves rainwater collection.
Adding diversity to ecosystems and reducing rill formation.
Reduces sedimentation and pollution in water. Keeping the water at a constant level prevents downstream sedimentation and pollution of water bodies. Although it’s short, it won’t harm crops.
In order to increase food production, hilly land must be improved for farming.

What Is Terrace Cultivation Purpose?

Farmers are able to prevent water from flowing down steep hills using techniques. Through the creation of erosion-resistant ditches or subsurface pipe outlets, this farming obstructs water in a designated way. Terracing has proven to be effective in preventing erosion and preserving soil due to the importance of farming.

Terrace farming has many advantages

Terrace farming has the advantage that it allows us to farm in hilly areas, which is not easy.
Your farm will be less likely to lose water and soil due to erosion.
Rainwater washes away nutrients from fertile soil in this farming method. Maximize your production by doing that.
It is possible to transform your land into a productive and fertile one by farming. Rice, maize, and many other crops are cultivated on terraces in India.
The availability of water in hilly areas has little effect on the productivity of farming. Farmers use rainwater for cultivation and commercial farming as a result of this method.

In Which State Terrace Farming Is Practice?

There is a high prevalence of terrace farming in Himachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Meghalaya and the plains of Uttar Pradesh, which are all hilly areas. In the northside of the state (Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh), roadside valleys are abundant with this type of farming. This terrace farming does not take place in Haryana, Rajasthan, or Maharashtra.

Terrace Farming Crops Grown

There are several types of terrace farming that depend on mountain land’s productivity. The most common crops grown by terrace farming include medicinal herbs, grains, legumes, fruits, vegetables, berries, etc. There are also apples, rice, saffron, millets, corn, wheat, and many others.

Apart from this, you can do farming on your home’s terrace. Want to know how? Let’s have a look in the section below.

How To Start Your Terrace Farming

This article describes how to start small-scale terrace farming. Organic farming can also be practiced for natural productivity. Let’s take a look.

1. Preparing the roof: You need to make sure that your terrace is accessible, leak-free, and waterproof.

2. Starting gardening: Starting with simple steps like getting pots and recycling containers and making a hole in the centre for drainage water, but no soil is discharged. On a small scale, especially for the livelihood of families, terrace farming can be perform as subsistence farming in India.

3. Choosing the plants: Then select those plants which grow quickly without troubling. Along with this, you can grow fruits and vegetables. Cover the terrace with bamboo if you think the sun is too bright on your terrace.

4. Setup Costing: Overall setup of garden needs approx. Rs. 20,000. And if you want a more designed terrace, the cost will increase. However, you can bring in diversity by trying different pots, plant holders, plants, and other decorations.

We hope you have found the above information about Terrace Farming, its advantages, and types to be informative.

The Hydroponics Industry in India: How to Get Started?

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 18, 2023

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The Hydroponics Industry in India: How to Get Started?

Hydroponics Industry: The hydroponics method uses mineral supplements to grow plants in water without soil. Plants are watered by fluid performance, which is created by hydroponic agriculture. Additionally, the supplements are recurrently provided to the plants. The plants’ developing climate is controlled solely by hydroponic cultivation. Mixed farming also uses this technique of farming. There is a good deal of automation in the framework, obviously, but it also needs to be closely monitored. Hydroponic farming in India is what we are here to show you. Take a look at the list below.

Farming / System Types of Hydroponics

Are you going to grow your veggies in your kitchen corner, back garden, or yard? Your dreams will come true with the well-known hydroponics technique for vertical farming. There is no soil used in the framework, instead, rock wool, perlite, mud pellets, or peat greenery support the roots. Due to the fact that there are upwards of six conclusions, you will be spoilt for choice. Depending on your space and the plants you are raising, some frameworks shine more than others. We will outline the 6 main types of hydroponic systems in a short time.

1. Aeroponics System

Do you remember a time when vegetables seemed to grow out of nowhere? We will discuss an aeroponic framework in this article. A supplement-loaded mist is fed to the plants by this framework. Coco coir is used to hold the roots in a soilless environment. To develop plants, supplemented water must be intermittently siphoned.

Despite its modern and technological nature, the strategy has been under development for some time now. Plants receive supplements through a line framework. Performance is delivered to roots through the spouts of the line. Other than breathing openly, the seeds will receive supplements and dampness.

2. Nutrient Film Technique

Any of the hydroponic farming systems you used had air circulation issues? That issue will be resolved by the supplement film method or NFT. You can use NFT to introduce a dainty arrangement film at the foundation of a tank. Roots will receive water and nourishment while the upper part will relax. Don’t worry if you see the roots mop-squeezed since they’re intended to look like that.

Specifically, the developing tank should not be completely level. It should instead have a slight point. In addition, the arrangement won’t stream away excessively quickly due to the slight slant of the tank.

3. Drip Hydroponic System

The dribble framework is undoubtedly one of the most dynamic vertical hydroponic farming techniques. Water and supplements are continuously supplied to the plants with a pump. Little producers are utilized in hydroponic farming to sprinkle supplements directly onto the plants. By providing steady watering and nourishment with the hoses, lines, and growing media, it serves as a shelter for the tremendous problem of air circulation.

4. Ebb and Flow

Ebb and Flow frameworks place plants in extensive development beds. The bed is filled with a developing medium such as perlite or rockwool. The development bed will be flooded with supplements after the plants have been painstakingly established. Pure organic farming is practiced here. Routinely flooding the roots for shorter periods of time is the goal of this framework.

5. Wick Hydroponic System

One of the most oversimplified hydroponic farming frameworks must be the wick framework. It does not require aerators, siphons, or electricity. It is the only latent framework that can be operated without electricity among the various tank-farming frameworks.

6. Deep Water Culture

In spite of the fact that the Deep Water Culture framework works for a wide variety of plants, it is best for plants that have large roots, particularly those with large roots. With this framework, the plants are suspended in a supplement arrangement, and an air diffuser or air stone is utilized to supply the air. To get the plants, you need to put them in net pots with a mode for growth. You will see your plants grow insanely if you allow them to sit in oxygen-rich supplements.

Global Hydroponics Market Trends

Commercial hydroponic

The value of farming, estimated at USD 9.5 billion in 2020, is projected to grow at a CAGR of 11.3% to reach USD 17.9 billion by 2026. In order to satisfy the growing demand for grains and food, the horticulture industry looks for high-yielding cultivation practices, such as precision cultivation and urban cultivation. As food security concerns grow, hydroponic vertical farming may offer a solution. The Indian commercial farming industry has become increasingly popular and profitable in recent years.

The impact of Coronavirus on the global hydroponics market

People have increasingly embraced open-air food as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The population around the globe is increasingly focusing on food safety and home cooking, and making their own meals. It has put the food and inn industries at risk. Vertical farming hydroponic frameworks have been assessed to rise rapidly after the impact of Covid-19 on agriculture.

How to Start Hydroponic Farming in India

The process of hydroponic farming in your backyard can be broken down into three steps. Below you will find information about starting a hydroponic farm.

1. Hydroponic Raft

Hydroponic rafts are a great way to grow plants. You don’t need much expertise to make it, it doesn’t cost much to get started, and it will yield vegetables much faster than standard cultivation methods.

2. Vertical Hydroponics

Nursery workers who lack space can take advantage of vertical hydroponic frameworks. Your hydroponics framework can be green if you use recycled materials to assemble it.

3. Aquaponics

Your home or small corner garden can be transformed into a flourishing aquaponic farm for vegetables and fish with ease. Aquaponics combines hydroponics and aquaculture by using fish wastes as manure for crops in a cooperative environment. Compost and pesticides are not required because the framework is usually encased.

The benefits of hydroponic farming in India

Hydroponic farming business plans in India have the following 5 advantages. Check it out.

1. Space Utilization

The area required by a hydroponic plantation is smaller than that of a soil-grown plantation. Accordingly, when hydroponic vegetable farming is combined with vertical cultivation strategies, approximately 100% less ground can be utilized than with traditional cultivation methods.

2. Labor Costs are Reduced

Farmers who use hydroponics farming have fewer tasks to perform, such as plowing, herbicide, weeding, and insect poison application. The task can undoubtedly be accomplished in a much shorter amount of time. As a result, harvesting costs are reduced and more time can be spent on other activities. It is possible for a single low-maintenance worker to oversee a little hydroponic farming.

3. Soil-free

It is estimated that the world is losing useful soil at an alarming rate. There has been a loss of land worldwide over the past 150 years, according to some estimates. There are several causes for this, including disintegration, compaction, loss of soil structure, supplement corruption, and saltiness. In the new hydroponic technology, the soil isn’t a concern, so farmers don’t have to worry about soil degradation when growing crops.

4. Faster growth of crops

The plant is able to absorb supplements more effectively with hydroponic farming. Besides light, heat, supplements, hydration, and bugs, the cultivator can handle the rest of the system development. With a smoother cycle, bigger, more rapidly developing plants can produce a better return on investment.

5. Produces Quality Food

Aged food usually contains more nutrients and has a better taste too. Hydroponics can produce harvests pretty much anywhere since microbiomes are contained in the growing medium. Consequently, they picked when they were at their peak.

Setup costs for hydroponic farming in India

If land is not included in the cost, the last cost of setting up commercial hydroponic farming in India will be Rs. 110 lakhs to Rs. 150 lakhs. Technology and innovation determine this expense.

What is the profitability of hydroponic farming in India?

Hydroponic farming has reached an all-time high. A total of 19 ventures have been launched in seven states or 13 city districts in India, and they are likewise providing services and administrations to over 30 farmers and business cultivators in India.

Which are the Most Profitable Hydroponic Crops to Grow?

The following are the most profitable crops for commercial hydroponic farming in India. Have a look down below:

Microgreens
Lettuce
Radishes
Sweet Bell Peppers
Herbs
Flowers

Hydroponic Farming Training Centers in India

Check out below the most popular hydroponic farming training centers in India.

Horticulture Technology Institute (Delhi)
Farms of Kamala (Hyderabad)
Living Greens Organics Pvt. Ltd. (Jaipur)
Management and Extension of Agriculture in Bihar (Patna)
Brio Hydroponics (A Unit Of Brio Agri Producer Company Ltd. (Ahmedabad)
Bellesiri – Hydroponics Training & Consultant (Bengaluru)
Tichxelons Agrotech. Techxellance Solutions Pvt Ltd. (Mumbai)

Hydroponic farming in India is explained in detail in this article. It is my hope that you get all the details regarding the same. Aarug Agro will keep you updated.

Mixed farming in India: Types, Features & Benefits

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 18, 2023

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Mixed farming in India: Types, Features & Benefits

Table of Contents

Mixed farming: Crops are harvested and animals are raised as part of mixed farming. The virus spread across Asia as well as nations such as India, Afghanistan, South Africa, Malaysia, Indonesia, China, Canada, Central Europe, and Russia. It is primarily used domestically in some nations. In the United States and Japan, it is currently used for business purposes. Essentially, mixed cultivation consists of the breeding of animals for meat, eggs, or milk as well as the development of yields.

Types of Mixed Farming

Mixed farming can be classified into eight types. Check it out.

1. Subsistence Farming

Farming for subsistence means harvesting food to meet the needs of a family on a small holding, almost without excess. It focuses on farm yield for endurance and generally nearby needs, with almost no excess.

2. Shifting Agriculture

Changing Agriculture involves developing plots of land quickly. After the unsettling influence, the cultivator continued on to another plot while neglected vegetation developed unreservedly.

3. Plantation Agriculture

A plantation is a business that produces a single crop all year long. It takes a lot of time and money to cultivate this kind of crop. In addition, the yield creation might also be handled on the farm where it is produced or in neighboring production lines.

4. Intensive Farming

The intensive farming process is something of an agribusiness, both in plant and animal production, with higher levels of data and results per unit of agricultural land. This can be termed Intensive cultivation, traditional farming, or modern farming, in addition to conventional farming.

5. Dry Agriculture

The dryland cultivation and agriculture of the dryland include methods for developing harvests without water. The practice of dryland farming is related to the conditions of drylands, which are characterized by alternating cool, wet seasons and warm, dry seasons. Additionally, they occur in bone-dry conditions, in areas prone to dry spells, and in areas with limited water supplies.

6. Mixed and Multiple Agriculture

The practice of growing at least two yields in a similar area during one growing season is known as mixed agriculture or multicropping in horticulture. Intercropping occurs when several yields are developed simultaneously. Farmer’s harvest efficiency and income are multiplied with the help of this editing framework.

7. Crop Rotation

Crop rotation refers to the practice of establishing multiple harvests consecutively in a similar plot of land to enhance soil wellbeing, reduce weed pressure, and streamline supplements in the soil. There may be a few harvests during a short rotation, but at least twelve during a complex rotation.

8. Terrace Cultivation

Globally, terrace cultivation encompasses a variety of “steps” that are created in different locations. The method of cultivating farmers uses “steps” incorporated into mountains or slopes. Planting yields differ on each level. Instead of washing the supplements ceaselessly in the soil when it rains, they are conveyed upward when it rains.

Characteristics of Mixed Farming

The land is used to grow crops and raise animals.
The animal field is a piece of land held for animal use. Farmers might choose to raise their animals in unusual structures or develop animal feed for them.
There are average-sized farms.
Grain is harvested from extra crops. Using the extra yield, the farmer can purchase animal feed and provide them with meat and milk during the year, saving some money.
Crops are prepared for planting with fertilizer produced by creatures. Farmers can increase their production and raise their income by raising animals, which produce fertiliser that can be applied to the land to build soil fertility.

Mixed farming benefits

Mixed farming has the following advantages. Take a look below.

Farmers can rely on animals when yields are low or costs change.
It is persistently paid to the farmers. Keeping the farmer’s wages stable over time is the goal of animal raising.
Pay increases. Comparing crop cultivation alone or creature raising alone, mixed earnings from crop gathering and animal products are higher.
Throughout the year, the farmer occupied it consistently. Farmer focusses after gathering on raising animals which guarantee a good income.
When extra crop is used as grain, cash can be set aside for its purchase.
It ensures that the harvest will be supported and reduces fertilizer expenditures by using compost from creatures.

Do you know where in India mixed farming is practiced?

Odisha and Kerala in India practice mixed crop and livestock farming. It is helpful to have a mixed crop farming framework to reduce the cost of creation per unit region, to expand pay and effectiveness, and to reduce farmers’ risks.

In this article, we will discuss mixed cropping and farming in India. I hope you have a good understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of mixed farming. Stay connected with Aarug Agro if you wish to learn more about commercial mixed farming.

How does subsistence farming work in India? Types, characteristics, and cultivation

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 17, 2023

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Table of Contents

Subsistence farming work in India

What is Subsistence Farming?

Subsistence farming involves cultivating crops to meet the farmer’s daily needs. This type of farming is therefore done on a small scale without surplus trade. The reason this farming is considered family farming is because it just fulfills the food needs of farmers and their families. Most farmers practice traditional farming, which means they use little technology and do most of their work at home. A few acres of land are required for this type of farming, and it is enough to cultivate the land with the help of family members.

Subsistence farming in India: Characteristics

Subsistence farming is characterized by the following characteristics:-

1. Land Use

Crops are grown on small plots of land approximating 1 to 3 hectares in this farming method. Despite the small size of their land, they are able to farm. It is only for the family’s consumption that the goods are produced.

2. Labour

There is a high rate of labour employed in this farming, and most of the work is done by family members. It is not uncommon for farmers to hire labour at the time of cultivation because they were busy at the time.

3. Power and Transport

Power is primarily derived from livestock in so many countries. As a result of livestock, they can plough fields, carry their loads, and transport their goods. There are no facilities used in this farming, such as electricity or irrigation. A farmer also does not use old seeds or high yielding fertilizers. This results in a small amount of output.

4. Productivity

Farmers used fewer inputs in this type of farming. Farmers, for example, do not purchase seeds, cow dung manure, etc., so yields per hectare, production per person, and overall productivity are low.

5. Income and Living Standard

The fact that they are below the poverty line does not affect their income. Therefore, whatever farmers can grow, they can only use that much to support their livelihoods.

6. Role of livestock

This farming relies heavily on livestock as livestock is its power. Farmers save money by using animals, and their families also benefit from these animals. Investing in them helped farmers survive economically if a crop failed. Additionally, farmers’ families have access to livestock dairy products, meat, and eggs.

7. Social and Cultural Reasons

Traditional farming in LDCs relies heavily on cattle, horses, camels, and goats for social and cultural reasons. Animal ownership therefore serves as a measure of family status.

8. Element of Uncertainty

There is a high element of risk in this type of farming. A farmer’s whole year’s work can be ruined if one or more major crops fail.

Farming methods for subsistence

Subsistence farming can be divided into two types.

1. Primitive subsistence farming

2. Intensive subsistence farming

What is Primitive Subsistence Farming?

Agriculture’s oldest form is primitive subsistence farming. Simple subsistence farming, however, is a form of subsistence farming. Farming of this kind occurs on a self-sufficient basis, and farmers raise food and feed their families accordingly. They exchange their goods for cash if there are any small surpluses left. The tropics are home to many different cultures that practice primitive farming. Furthermore, shift cultivation and nomadic herding are two types of this farming.

Characteristics Of Primitive Subsistence Farming

It is mostly cleared forest that contributes to soil fertility, and the ashes of the fires improve the soil. A form of slash-and-burn agriculture known as Shifting cultivation.
The land must be cleared by hand for a few people to grow food.
Food is produced all year long by crops that are planted at calculated intervals, often between the other crops.
Feed and water are transported by shepherds on fixed routes in Nomadic Herding.
As a result of this process, milk, meat, and other products are produced.

What is Intensive Subsistence Farming?

An intensive subsistence farming system is characterized by a high output per acre of land and a relatively low output per worker. While agriculture has changed, its nature has not. Intensive agriculture is also known as monsoon type agriculture in monsoon lands of Asia.

The characteristics of intensive subsistence farming

Crops are grown on a smaller plot of land and require more labour, as well as less expensive equipment.

Growing more than one crop on the same land is possible due to the sunny climate and fertile soils of this cultivation.
In monsoon zones such as East Asia, South and Southeast, this cultivation spread widely.

How does commercial farming work? Features & Advantages

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 17, 2023

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How does commercial farming work? Features & Advantages

Table of Contents

Commercial farming: Commercial farming involves raising crops and livestock for the purpose of selling them for profit.

An enormous amount of capital is required to establish commercial farming. Additionally, large scale farms, modern technologies, innovative machinery, good irrigation methods, chemical fertilizers, etc. are required to produce a high yield. Fertilizers, pesticides, weedkillers, and many other modern inputs have been used in commercial farming to increase productivity.

As a result of their export to other countries, commercial farming crops are in high demand as well. In addition to being used as a raw material for food products, it is also used in industries as a raw material. Regional differences also exist in commercial agriculture marketing.

Meaning of commercial farming

Farming that is commercial is characterized by large-scale production of crops. The purpose of this type of agribusiness is to raise crops and livestock for the purpose of selling them in the marketplace. Historically, marginal farmers have raised crops to support themselves. A farming business owner, on the other hand, raises crops or livestock on a large scale to make a profit.”

This farming is mostly done by Indian farmers. As well as this, 75% of the rural population is involved in commercial farming. A farming business owner in an urban area buys land to produce crops, but he rents it out to farmers to take care of it.

Indian Commercial Agriculture Types

There are several example of commercial farming types

Farming dairy products
Commercial grain farming
Farming on plantations
Ranching livestock
Mediterranean Agriculture
Mixed Crop and Livestock Farming
Commercial Gardening and Fruit Farming

The difference between subsistence farming and commercial farming

The difference between subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture can formed on following bases:

Subsistence Farming

Subsistence farming is characterized by certain characteristics.

The purpose of subsistence farming is to provide food for farmers’ personal consumption. To put it simply, subsistence farming consists of raising crops and livestock for the family’s consumption.
The technique requires a lot of labor since it requires a lot of input from the user. Add manure to the soil to increase productivity and earn high profits in subsistence farming.
The use of modern agricultural methods and techniques is less prevalent in this type of farming. For this type of farming, farmers need a small plot of land and manual laborers (which can be their family members).
There is little to no surplus trade, and the production is mainly used for local consumption. Subsistence farming can provide you with food grains, fruits, and vegetables.

Commercial Farming

There are some characteristics of Commercial farming.

This involves farmers growing crops for trade. The practice of raising crops or livestock for the purpose of making a profit is also known as agribusiness.
Farmers must then invest massive capital in this farming. The farmers usually increase their farm productivity by using manure or other modern inputs, such as fertilisers, high yielding seeds, insecticides, pesticides, etc.
To increase farm productivity, farmworkers use a variety of modern technologies. The main crops grown in this farming are cash crops and cereals.

How can I start a honey bee farming business in India? Tip for Beekeeping Business

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 17, 2023

0

How can I start a honey bee farming business in India? Tip for Beekeeping Business

Honey Bee Farming: India has been gathering honey from the forests for thousands of years, but honey bee farming has only been commercially successful for a short time. The hive stores honey made from flower juice that honey bees convert into honey.

Beekeeping in India is currently a profitable enterprise due to the increasing market demand for honey. Let’s talk about the products produced by Indian beekeepers. The two most important products produced from honey are honey wax and honey. To earn extra income, farmers can start this agro-based business. The business of making honey is a traditional occupation.

A number of industrial and domestic uses of honey are causing its demand to grow continuously in both the domestic and international markets. Pollination increases farming productivity and farmers earn money by starting this business. Our country India primarily relies on traditional agriculture. Beekeeping has become more popular among farmers after they experienced continuous losses with them.

Furthermore, beekeeping can be used as an essential input to maximize agricultural production. Pollen must be collected from other plants of the same species by outside agents, and bees are quick at accomplishing this. We will now explore honey bee farming in more detail.

The types of honey bees

There are typically three to twelve species of bees in each beehive, so a settlement could have more than three species. In this case, the queen bee is a fertile bee with the ability to give birth. Workers are sterilised bees that cannot give birth, while drone bees are males. Below is a list of some of the most notable bee species.

Indian Hive Bees (Apis Cerana Indica)
Rock Bees (Apis Dorsata)
Little Bees (Apis Florea)
European and Italian Bees (Apis Mellifera)
Dammer Bee or Stingless Bee (Tetragonula Iridipennis)

Business Tips for Beekeepers

When starting honey bee cultivation, farmers need to keep certain things in mind. The following steps should be taken by the entrepreneur or farmer before starting this business.

You can begin this business by learning about bees and getting involved with them in the area where you plan to start. Get good training in honey bee farming.
Imagine that a farmer or entrepreneur has no previous experience working with bees. A local entrepreneur or farmer can provide all the information they need regarding the honey bee farming process in that case.
Entrepreneurs should then develop an effective plan for using the equipment and selling the products.
Set realistic goals when making a bee farming business plan. Start small and grow as your experience in honey business in India grows; you will be able to handle bigger projects as you gain more experience.
This project depends on the local circumstances as to what equipment can be used and what species of bees should be raised.
Honey bee farmers or entrepreneurs should identify a local agent in advance to sell their products. Honey can also be sold to ayurvedic pharmaceutical companies, bakeries, candy makers, and other businesses.

Honey Bee Farming Business

The general society of agriculture-related firms has the opinion that anyone can start a business in beekeeping regardless of experience or knowledge, since it is an agro-based business. But that’s not true. A person who wants to start a beekeeping business must possess the necessary knowledge. We will now take a look at how someone can start his own business in beekeeping.

1. Beekeeping Training in India

A farmer who starts bee cultivation needs technical expertise and experience, as we have already discussed. It is therefore necessary for the farmer or entrepreneur to work with other farmers who are already engaged in beekeeping in the area for a few months before entering the field. An institute of repute can also provide you with a certificate for this business.

To learn more about this business as far as practice is necessary, entrepreneurs or farmers can contact their regional agriculture department or agricultural university. All this knowledge will be gained by an entrepreneur only after he has been trained by a local agriculture department or agricultural university.

2. Most suitable place for Bee Farming Business

It is important to select a dry place to start a honey business plan. The ripening of honey and the flying of bees are affected by high moisture levels. The site must have a natural or artificial source of water. A tree acts as a wind belt in colder climates. To provide shade, beehives can be placed under trees or in artificial arrangements.

The entrepreneur can keep beehives in the shade under trees if he chooses a site with an abundance of trees for a beekeeping project. Floras or pastures provide bees with pollen and honey. Honey Beekeeping may therefore be suitable in such a location since many plants produce pollen and honey.

3. Tools for Honey Bee Project

There may be different equipment requirements for beekeeping in India depending on the geographical conditions. Consequently, the entrepreneur can find out what tools will be suitable for him/her by contacting local beekeepers, although the following list of equipment is provided for your reference.

Hive stand
Bottom board
Hive bodies
Painting
Smoker
Hive tool
Protective wear
Frames and combs
Queen excluder
Inner cover
Outer cover
Plastic hive equipment

4. Manage Pollination Bee

Pollen and juice from plants are used by bees to make honey. To come from the plants, the beehives should be located near such a field. It is easy to obtain pollen and juice. In consequence, bee colonies should be established in areas with at least 10% flowering.

Honey farmers or entrepreneurs in India should also keep in mind that three colonies can be held per hectare if the bee species is Italian. Indian bees can be planted 5 colonies per hectare, on the other hand. The following crops benefit significantly from bee pollination, in addition.

Pollination among nuts and fruits benefits almonds, apples, apricots, peaches, strawberries, citrus, and lychees.
The following vegetables are grown in the area: cauliflower, carrots, cabbage, cilantro, cucumber, cantaloupe, onions, pumpkin, radishes, and turnips.
Mustard, safflower, niger, rapeseed, oilseed crops, sunflower, and other crops benefit from the honey bee farming project in India.
There are also fodder seed crops like lucerne and clover in this category

5. Keep Bees Free From Pests and Diseases

Farmers and entrepreneurs who intend to make good profits from honey bee farming should protect their stock and the organisms producing the honey. Entrepreneurs should therefore try to keep them free of pests and diseases. There are several types of pests that are common in beekeeping, including wax moths, ants, wasps, wax beetles, birds, tracheal mites, parasitic mites, Varroa destroyers, bee mites, and brood mites, among others.

Among the diseases found in the field include the European foulbrood disease, the American foulbrood disease, the Nosema disease, the Sacbrood disease (SBV), the Chalkbrood disease, the Thai sacbrood virus (TSBV), the Stonebrood disease, etc. To control specific pests and diseases, the farmer must take action in advance. Farmers can contact their local agriculture department to resolve these issues.

6. Bee Harvesting in India

The honey beekeeping project offers many famous products, including honey, bee venom, bee wax, royal jelly, propolis, and pollen. In order to harvest honey from old and top bar hives, the farmer must select a hive containing honey that is coated with bee wax and is located very near the outer edge of the nest. Honey Extractor Equipment extracts honey from the Super Hive part of the hive.

Cost and Profit Analysis of Honey Bee Farming Project

This cost report is based on 50 Bee colonies, and the estimated values are shown here as a reference. Things may have different values depending on where they are located and how many are available. There could be some additional costs associated with land and maintenance that have not been included in this estimate but are necessary for the project’s successful implementation.

Assumptions of Bee Projects

No. of Beehives: 100
Cost of comb base sheet: Rs 700/kg
Sugar Price: 45/kg
Cost of nucleus box: Rs 1200 (Cerana) and Rs 2000 (Mellifera)
Cost of honey extractor: Rs 5000/ piece for Cerana and Rs 7000/piece for Mellifera
Hive stand cost: Rs 300
Labour cost per day: Rs 250
Cost of a Mellifera Bee colony: Rs 3500
Cost of a Cerana Bee colony: Rs 2500

Initial Capital Investment

Material	Investment in Rs (Cerana)	Investment in Rs (Mellifera)
Cost of 100 Bee colonies	2,50,000	3,50,000
Cost of 50 nucleus box	60,000	1,00,000
Cost of the honey extractor	5,000	7,000
Cost of 100 Beehives	1,00,000	2,00,000
Cost of 600 ant wells	12,000	12,000
Cost of 150 feeder frames @ Rs 120/frame for Mellifera and Rs 100/ frame for Cerana	15,000	18,000
Cost of honey bee farming equipment (smoker, hive tool, swarm net, Bee veil, wire embedder, storage drums and other miscellaneous)	10,000	16,000
Cost of 150 hive stands
Cost of 200 Queen gates	8,000	–
Cost of 100 Queen Bee excluder sheet	–	20,000
Total cost	4,60,000	7,23,000

Business Plan for Recurring Investments in Beekeeping

Material and labour	Investment in Rs (Cerana)	Investment in Rs (Mellifera)
Cost of comb foundation sheet	5,600	42,000
Cost of sugar for feeding @ 200 kg for Mellifera and 100 kg for Cerana	9,000	18,000
Charges for survival and pollination	20,000	50,000
Labour charges for 300 days	1,50,000	1,50,000
Total cost	1,84,600	2,60,000

Production Details

The amount of honey produced from Cerana is 1000 kilograms.
The amount of honey produced from Mellifera is 2500 kilograms.
Price per kg of honey bee boxes: Rs 200 (average)
An 8 kg jar of Cerana wax is produced.
Mellifera wax weighs 20 kg.
Beeswax cost/kg: Rs 300 (average)
For sale are 50 honey bee boxes at Rs 1,25,000 each (Rs 2500 per division) and Rs 1,75,000 each (Rs 3500 per division).
Bee farming income at Cerana is Rs (2,00,000 + 2400 + 1,25,000) = Rs 3,27,400.
There are 6,81,000 rupees in total in Mellifera honey bee farming income (5,00,000 + 6,000 + 1,75,000.)
Profits earned from working capital or recurring capital are as follows:
The profits of Cerana bee farming are calculated as follows: Earnings minus recurring capital (1,84,600 divided by 3,27,400 equals Rs 1,42,800)
In the case of Mellifera bee farming profits, total earnings minus recurring capital equals Rs 4,21,000.

Loans and Subsidies for Beekeeping Business

In association with NABARD, the National Bee Board (NBB) subsidizes Indian beekeepers and helps to employ women in these divisions. For more information on Bee Farming in India, please visit the NBB website or the nearest office.

Visit our blog section to learn more about different kinds of farming. For We have a news section where you can find information about bee farming subsidies and other government announcements. Aarug Agro APP allows you to receive regular updates as well.

The Indian mustard farming industry: varieties, cultivation, and seed rate

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 16, 2023

0

The Indian mustard farming industry: varieties, cultivation, and seed rate

Mustard Farming : India produces the fourth-largest amount of mustard oil in the world. In addition, mustard contributes about 28.6% to the production of oilseeds overall. India relies heavily on mustard as an oilseed crop. The mustard seed plant is also used as a green vegetable. It is also possible to use mustard seeds and their oil in cooking. Intercropping occurs when mustard is grown with wheat, barley, gram, potato, etc. There are several types of mustard crops in the family of “Cruciferae” that are commonly used in Indian cuisine.

Mustard farming is the most important agricultural product produced in India. A pickling solution is made up of oil and split mustard seeds. Oil from mustard is used in the kitchen for cooking. Indians also use mustard seed germination to prepare vegetables and curries. The oil cake can also be used to feed cattle. Because mustard cultivation is relatively inexpensive, you can quickly start mustard farming for less money. The following blog discusses the mustard plant and its cultivation process in detail.

India’s regional mustard seed names

Hindi – Rai, Banarasi rai, Kalee sarson
Gujarati – Rai
Kannada – Save
Kashmiri – Sarisa, Issue
Telugu – Avalu
Tamil – Kadugo
Malayalam – Kaduku
Punjabi – Rai, Banarasi rai, Kalee sarson

India’s mustard-producing state

The cultivation of mustard has been carried out in Rajasthan since ancient times. Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat are also popular with mustard crops. Several southern Indian states, including Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh, also grow mustard crops. West Bengal, Assam, Bihar, and Orissa refer to Rabi as the yellow harvest season. Punjab, Haryana, Up and Himachal Pradesh grow this crop as a catch crop. A mustard farmer’s livelihood can be summed up as the heart of the Indian economy. Indian states that produce crops include these.

Growing Mustard Under Different Climate Conditions

A subtropical climate is ideal for mustard cultivation. A dry and cool climate is conducive to growing mustard seed. It is therefore commonly known as a Rabi crop during the mustard growing season. There is a critical temperature range between 10°C and 25°C for mustard seed trees. An area receiving 625 – 1000 mm of rainfall annually is ideal for growing mustard. It is necessary for mustard farms to have a clear sky and frost-free conditions because mustard does not tolerate freezing.

Agricultural Soil Requirements for Mustard Farming

Mustard can be grown on a variety of soil types, from light loamy soil to heavy loamy soil. The mustard crop grows best in medium-deep, well-drained soils. A soil pH range of 6.0 to 7.5 is ideal for mustard varieties. Prepare the soil properties by conducting a soil test, such as soil type, strength, and healthy levels. Suitable soils for Sarso farming include sandy and loamy sands. It is recommended to plant mustard plants about 45 cm apart and 20 cm apart.

Cultivation Methods for Mustard Crops

In the months of September and October, mustard is usually planted. Mustard crops should be drilled if they are pure, or broadcasted or drilled if they are mixed. Make sure the hybrid mustard seed is evenly spaced by mixing it with fine sand. The soil is sufficiently foggy when mustard seeds are planted. It is recommended that mustard seeds be planted in the soil at a depth of no less than 6 cm for better germination. We then described how mustard seeds grow in detail.

In September and October, toria crops are harvested.
All of October is a good time to sow African sarson and Taramira.
Complete sowing for Raya crop between mid-October and the end of November.

Read More: Future of Indian Agriculture and Emerging Trends in Agriculture

Mustard farming states include the following states that have the maximum amount of time to sow to ensure high yields.

State	Mustard
State	Seed Rate kg/ha	Spacing (cm)
Haryana	5.0	30 x 10-15
Himachal Pradesh	6.0	30 x 10-15
Madhya Pradesh	5.0-6.0	45 x 15
Punjab	3.5-4.0	30-45 x 10-15
Rajasthan	4.0-5.0	30 x 10
Uttar Pradesh	5.0-6.0	45 x 10

Mustard Seed Rate

It is imperative to thin seedlings three weeks after sowing and only keep healthy seedlings.

Below is a list of the recommended seed rates for mustard seeds so that you can obtain an optimal plant about mustard seeds for a higher yield.

The seeds per acre of rapeseed are 1.5 kg.
The rate for pure mustard crop seed could be between 4 and 6 kg per hectare.
It is recommended to seed mixed crops at a rate of 2 to 3 kg per hectare.

The preparation of land for mustard farming in India

As part of mustard farming field preparation, one to two ploughings and two harrowings are given. Further, two crosswise harrowings were performed after the Kharif crop to prepare the field for mustard seed cultivation in the second crop. In India, mustard crops are grown for a variety of reasons. See below for more information.

A fine seedbed is necessary for excellent crop germination.
After each ploughing, planking is done.
It is important to prepare a firm, moist, and uniform seedbed to help mustard seeds germinate evenly.

Agriculture Irrigation for Mustards

Seeds are irrigated before they are sown. It is generally necessary to apply irrigation to crops at intervals of three weeks after sowing in order to ensure good growth. It will help retain moisture in the soil if a good amount of organic manure is applied to it.

Weed Control Information About Mustard

A pure mustard crop is thinned after two weeks. Mixed crops received inter-cultivation from the main crop in the case of mustard. It is common for deep-rooted broad-leaved weeds to develop in Rapeseed and Mustard fields.

Bathua – Chenopodium album
Chatter mattari – Lathyms spp
Kateli – Cirsium arvense
Gajri – FumariapalVijlora

Khurpi is primarily used to hand-hoe weeds. During the early stages of weed growth, this method eliminates the weeds thoroughly. Furthermore, it reduces moisture loss by pulverizing and mulching the soil.

Control of weeds in the Toria crop by pre-planting with 400ml/200L of Trifluralin per acre. Within two days of sowing Raya crop, spray 400gm/200Ltr with pre-emergence spray.

The harvesting of mustard

Harvesting of mustard begins when the pods turn yellow and the seed becomes hard. During the growing season, mustard plants take between 110 and 160 days to produce. In order to prevent stock from being shattered, harvesting is done very early in the morning.

Crops are cut close to the ground with the aid of sickles.
Harvested crops were stacked for 7-10 days.
Once the threshing operation has been completed, the drying process should be completed.

Type of R&M	Period of Maturity at Harvesting
Indian Mustard	110-160 days
Yellow Sarson	90-120 days

A post-harvest mustard variety

Harvesting mustard plants is done by tying them into bundles, and keeping them in the sun for five to six days to dry the seeds, then storing them in gunny bags or bins. It is possible to thresh mustard plants by hitting them with a stick. Following that, grain and husk are separated by winnowing.

Mustard farming is rainfed

The practice of disc harrowing after every practical shower in monsoon conserves moisture. To prevent cloud formation and moisture loss, planking should immediately follow the cessation of rain.
The soil should be pulverized with a cultivator before sowing.
To prevent cloud formation and moisture loss, planking is essential on irrigated and non-irrigated lands

The types of mustard seeds grown in India

There are several best mustard varieties in India, as listed below

PBT 37

This mustard variety was developed in its early stages.
The process takes 91 days to complete.
The crop is suitable for Toria-wheat farming.
Dark brown seeds are large and robust.
Seeds contain 41.7% oil, providing 5.4 QTL/acre on average.

TL 15

This variety matures early.
The maturation process took 88 days.
The average yield is 4.5 QTL/acre.

TL 17

In 90 days, the crop is ready for harvest.
Multi-cropping is possible.
The average yield per acre is 5.2 QTL.

RLM 619

In irrigated and rainfed areas, it is recommended for farming.
You can pick it up in 143 days.
The seed contains 43% oil and is bold in appearance.
As a result, it is resistant to white rust, mildew, and downy mildew.
A yield of 8 QTLs per acre is expected.

PBR 91

The harvesting process takes 145 days.
The plant is resistant to blight, rust, and insect pests.
The average yield per acre is 8.1 quintals.

PBR 97

Rainfed cultivation is suitable for this variety.
A harvest is expected in 136 days.
There are 39.8% oils in the grains and they are medium bold.
The average yield per acre is 5.2 QTL.

PBR 210

Sow and irrigate timely.
In 150 days, it will be ready for harvest.
The average yield per acre is 6 QTL.

RLC 3

In 145 days, this tall variety will be ready for harvest.
An average yield of 7.3 QTL/acre is achieved.
There is 41.5% oil in it.

GSL 1

It takes 160 days from planting to harvest.
There is a short crop that does not lodge easily.
The average yield per acre is 6.7 QTL.
The oil content of seeds is 44.5%.

PGSH51

The crop will be ready in 162 days.
The average yield per acre is 7.9 QTL for tall and high yielding hybrids.
There is 44.5% oil content in seeds.

Hyola PAC 401

It matures in 150 days and is a medium height crop.
There is about 42% oil in the seeds, which are brownish-black in color.
The average yield is 6.74 QTL per acre.

GSC 6

Under irrigated conditions, it is recommended for timely sowing of crops.
Oil content is 39.1% in bold seeds.
The average yield is 6.07 QTL/acre.

RH 0749

This variety is suitable for cultivation in North Rajasthan, Delhi, Jammu, Punjab, and Haryana.
This variety produces more seeds per silique than most other varieties.
It takes between 146 and 148 days for the crop to be ready for harvest.
Oil percentage is 40% in bold seeds.
A yield of 10.5-11 QTL/acre can be expected.

T 59 (Varuna)

The product is suitable for all types of climates.
Ready to harvest in 145-150 days.
The oil content is about 39%.
The average yield per acre is 6-8 QTL.

You can do mustard farming in India using these best methods of cultivation. These methods help you earn a high income if you create a mustard farming business plan. The purpose of this blog is to provide you with information about how to plant mustard seeds and what a mustard plant is. You can learn more about mustard cultivation implements in India at Aarug Agro. Here you can find complete information about mustard farm machines, mustard production in India, and many other topics. The protected cultivation program is also available to you.

The 7 best Indian sheep breeds and their details

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 15, 2023

0

The 7 best Indian sheep breeds and their details

Table of Contents

Sheep Breeds: Hey friends, today we’re going to talk about the “Indian Sheep Breeds List”. You have come to the right place if you are interested in sheep farming in India. It will be shown here which breed is the best one for you as well as where you can get sheep varieties. India is experiencing a boom in sheep farming. According to the topographical area of India, there are numerous sheep breeds. We will discuss the characteristics and features of famous sheep breeds here. The location of sheep for sale, as well as where you can find them easily.

Indian sheep breeds list

Check out the details below. In this article, we will show you the best sheep breeds in India along with their features and online availability.

1. Deccani Sheep

Which sheep breed is the best? The answer is Deccani Sheep. Rajasthani woolly varieties cross with Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu furry varieties. Both fleece and lamb are produced by these sheep breeds in India. The Mumbai Deccan locality, along with Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Telangana, is home to this sheep breed because it is small and rugged. There is a dark and dark shading to this breed of sheep. It is usual for these sheep to produce around 5kg of fleece per year. A mixture of hair and strands makes up most of the fleece, which is of a bad quality and used to make unpleasant covers.

2. Nellore Sheep

There are a few pieces of this variety in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The great versatility of these plants makes them perfect for any region of south India. The size of these is larger and there is less hair on them. The tallest type in India looks like a goat and is the tallest of any remaining variety. The appearance of this variety is gloomy. Short hair covers the long ears and body. This variety tends to have red sheep for the most part. That’s why they’re called Nellore Red. The ears of this sheep breed are long and droopy. With grand homestead the board rehearses, male sheep achieve 36-38 kg of body weight, while female sheep reach 28-30 kg. India has different sheep breeds.

3. Vembur Sheep

Tamil Nadu state is fundamentally characterized by this phenomenon. Their primary purpose is to be raised for meat. There are red spots on the body of this sheep breed, which has white shading on its skin. In most cases, the ears are saggy and have a modest size. Its males grow horns, but its females do not. The farmers rehearse the body loads of mature males and females. Female sheep carry 28-30 kg whereas male sheep carry 35-38 kg.

4. Gaddi Sheep

India is home to many sheep breeds, including Gaddi Sheep. They are small in size and scattered throughout Jammu. This variety is raised primarily for its fleece. Females are hornless, while males have horns. Typically, this variety produces 1.15 kg of wool per sheep per year, which is cut three times per year. Wool is fine and radiant. In addition to cloaks and covers, Kullu fleece is used to produce wool.

5. Mandya Sheep

India has a number of top sheep breeds, including the Mandya Sheep. Mandya in Karnataka is known for these. White-shaded Mandya sheep are small creatures. There are, however, cases in which the face has a light earthy coloured shading that extends to the neck. There is a slight body to this variety, as well as long, verdant, and floppy ears. Female sheep weigh about 25 kg, while male sheep weigh 35 kg. It is known for producing the best meat of all the Indian sheep breeds. India has a large population of this breed of sheep.

6. Marwari Sheep

There are long legs, a dark face, and a large nose on this breed of Marwari sheep. Tails are short and pointed. A large portion of the Jodhpur region and portions of Jaipur region of Rajasthan are devoted to this variety. In Rajasthan, these sheep breeds are raised in the Barmer and Bali areas. A few sheep move to Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, while others move to Maharashtra. In addition to being worm-resistant, this variety is also disease-resistant. Similarly, this variety has a high endurance rate due to its high obstruction. A sheep’s average fleece weighs about 1-1.25 kilograms over the course of a year.

7. Chennai Red Sheep

Tamil Nadu is home to a variety of this variety. The majority of this variety is raised for meat purposes. There are a lot of purple-shaded Chennai Red Sheep, and some have hued stripes on the temples of their heads. Approximately 34-36 kilograms are the body weights of males and females, respectively. Sheep of this breed are very common in India and are very popular.

The Aarug Agro Company for Popular Indian Sheep Breeds

Aarug Agro is the best place to buy sheep in India. It’s true. Aarug Agro offers sheep for sale through a separate segment. There are many Indian sheep breeds available on this platform. The owner of these sheep posts pictures of healthy sheep every day. With the owner’s name and number, you can easily find out everything you need to know. Simply filter and get a healthy sheep based on your requirements.

Some Indian breeds of sheep

1. Sheep Mix Breed

Breed	Desi
With Cub	No
Age	1 Years, 0 Months
Gender	Male
Price	Rs. 30000

2. Desi Sheep

Breed	Mix Breed
With Cub	No
Age	1 Years, 0 Months
Gender	Male
Price	Rs. 15000

India’s most salable sheep breeds and types of sheep breeds are listed below. Aarug Agro can provide you with more details. Our sheep for sale are affordable.

India’s Potato Farming: Planting, Cultivation, and Harvesting

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 15, 2023

0

India’s Potato Farming: Planting, Cultivation, and Harvesting

Table of Contents

Potato Farming In India: The potato is one of the most important and widely consumed foods in the world. A South American vegetable, it is now grown throughout the world. Solanum tuberosum L is the scientific name for this super vegetable, which is known as the “king of vegetables”. Among poor men, it is considered an economical food. There are many people in India who consume this delicious food that has a unique identity. Therefore, it is highly sought after by the Indian population. Over 300 years of potato farming have been carried out in the nation because of this reason. Due to this, it is the fourth most important food crop after rice, wheat, and maize.

There are 23 states in India that cultivate it. The states of Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, Punjab, and Gujarat produce the most potatoes in India. The best growing season for potatoes is between mid-June and mid-July, followed by October and November.

It is a member of the nightshade family, Solanaceae, and is considered to be the most significant food crop in the world. Their high starch content, vitamins, especially C and B1, and minerals make them a very good source of nutrition. In addition to providing low-cost energy, they also provide a source of essential nutrients. In addition to starch and alcohol production, potatoes are used for a variety of industrial purposes. The starch from potatoes (Farina) is used to shape yarn in textile mills and in clothing. Glucose and dextrin are also produced by potatoes. Food products made from potatoes include potato chips, sliced potatoes, and sliced potatoes.

Potatoes are cultivated in India

Potatoes are grown in large quantities in India, since most people choose to cultivate them. The cultivation of potatoes is one of the best sources of good income. The program contributes to the success of farming businesses and the achievement of high incomes. This blog will provide you with complete information about potato farming if you are a beginner or have little knowledge about it. The following blog is a step-by-step guide to growing potatoes. You can do potato crop farming in India with the help of the following potato crop farming guides.

Visit this blog to learn how potato cultivation is done. In one place you will find the answers to questions about growing potatoes, planting potatoes, cultivating potatoes, etc.

Planting Potatoes: Soil & Climate Requirements

The potato grows well in well-drained soil, but it hates wet soil. Potatoes can grow in most soil types except for saline and alkaline soils. The least resistant soil for tuber expansion is naturally loose soil. The best soil for growing potato plants is sandy loam and loamy soil rich in organic matter with good drainage and aeration. It is best to grow potatoes in soil that has a pH of 5.2-6.4. Temperatures of 24°C are best for growing potatoes while temperatures of 20°C are best for growing tubers. Potatoes are therefore classified as cool-weather crops. Harvesting potatoes at 14-20°C is ideal. Potato cultivation requires soil that is well drained and productive.

Land Preparation For Potato

In order to plough the field, well-pulverized beds should be ploughed 20-25 cm deep. Two or three times should be harrowed after plowing. One or two planking operations should level the soil. Before sowing, ensure that the soil has enough moisture.

Timing of potato planting or sowing

During the growing season, potatoes are only produced under slightly cooler conditions. As a result, the best time to sow potatoes in India varies from region to region. The spring crop in Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh is sown in January-February, while the summer crop is sown in May. The spring crop is planted in Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal in January, while the main crop is planted in October. Kharif crops are suppressed in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Karnataka by the end of June, whereas Rabi crops are planted mid-October to mid-November.

How To Grow a Potato Plant?

During the early spring of last year, seed potatoes were planted by frost. You should cut potato pieces for planting 1-2 days in advance. In addition to preventing rot, this process also retains moisture. Be sure to spread and mix organic compost or rotted manure in the trench before planting. Plant potato seeds four inches apart in a trench one foot deep.

The best way to grow potatoes is in rows. You should dig a trench 6-8 inches deep and plant each potato every 12-15 inches, spaced 3 feet apart. If you are growing baby potatoes or have a small space, you can decrease the spacing between plants. Let the plants grow and continue to fill the trench. The soil should be mounded around the plants as they grow. Make sure to cultivate the soil once more before planting. As a result of this process, the potato plant will be able to establish more rapidly, since the weeds will be removed and the soil will be loosened.

Potato Agriculture Requires Irrigation

**Requirement of Irrigation For Potato Agriculture**

In the summer, keep the potato vines well watered, especially during flowering stages and immediately after flowering. This will help the potato crop to grow well. Flowering is the time when plants form their tubers, so a steady supply of water is essential. It is best to water potatoes regularly as they need constant moisture. Approximately 1-2 inches of water or rain per week is sufficient for potato production. Leaves should be stopped being watered once they turn yellow and begin to die back. Potatoes will be able to start healing for harvest if they are treated this way. The use of drip irrigation increases potato yields for potato farmers.

Crop Rotation for Potato Farming

The rotation of crops is an essential step for the good growth of crops. In the same way, don’t plant potatoes in the same field every year. Thus, proper crop rotation increases soil fertility, reduces specific pest problems, conserves soil moisture, enhances soil structure, and increases soil organic matter.

Here is the cropping rotation.

Potato-Wheat-Maize, Potato-Wheat-Paddy, Potato-Wheat-Green manure crop in Punjab
(Transplanted) Potato-Mung-Paddy in Assam
The Bihar Potato-Mung-Paddy; the Potato-Mung-Groundnut
Potatoes, okra, and soybeans in Madhya Pradesh
UP & Gujarat: Potato, Bajra, Groundnut

Plantation care and pest control

These pests are dangerous to potatoes, such as aphids, flea beetles, leafhoppers, early/late blight, potato scab. They are most likely caused by soil with high pH levels. Potatoes grow best in acidic soil (never plant potatoes in soil with a pH higher than 5.2). Make sure seed potatoes are dusted with sulfur before planting.

Fertilizers & Manure for Potato Cultivation

The amount of chemical fertilizer required depends on the level of soil nutrients. For example, volcanic soils have low levels of phosphorus, while the amount of fertilizer required by irrigated commercial production is relatively high. In addition, organic fertilizer can provide a good nutrient balance and maintain soil structure at the start of a new rotation. In order to estimate fertilizer requirements for a crop accurately, it is necessary to consider the expected yield of the crop, its potential, and its use.

It is best to use a composted or aged manure for potato cultivation in India if there is access to animal manures. To give soil microbes time to break down compost before planting, add compost in the fall. With a plough and shovel or rotary tiller-hoe, fold the manure into the top 6-8 inches of soil after spreading it over the garden.

Process of harvesting potatoes

When to harvest potato depends on the soil type, the area of sowing, and the variety. Harvesting should take place 75-120 days after planting.
It is generally best to harvest a hillside crop when the soil is not too wet.
Gently dig around the plants to remove potatoes for fresh eating, while taking care not to damage the plants.
You should try to remove the bigger new potatoes and leave the smaller ones to continue growing.
Harvest potatoes when the leaves turn yellow and dry.
Crops can be slightly harvested if there is a high market demand for them.
If the soil becomes dry before harvesting, do irrigation before harvesting.
Plants should be cut 8 days before harvesting at ground level. Potato diggers or ploughs are used for this.

Potato farming in India can be done using these methods of potato cultivation. These methods can help you earn a high income if you plan to start a potato farming business. Visit Aarug Agro to learn more about implements for potato crop cultivation in India. A potato farming machine, potato cultivation techniques, and many other topics can be found here.

The top 10 brush cutters in India: Types, uses, and advantages

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 15, 2023

1

The top 10 brush cutters in India: Types, uses, and advantages

Table of Contents

Brush Cutter: A brush cutter, also known as a brush saw or clearing saw, is an agricultural tool used to remove weeds and small plants that may affect the quality of farm products. It is an indispensable addition to a farmer’s arsenal of agriculture implements because it is small yet powerful. You will find here a list of the top 10 brush cutters in India, including their types, uses, and advantages.

What are the parts of a brush cutter?

Unlike rotary mowers and land mowers, brush cutters remove small natural disturbances. A gas engine, an electric motor, and a cordless electric motor serve as its central power sources. Power transmission pole, rotary cutting head, and power unit are all components of brush cutters. Depending on the job, these brush cutters use a curved or straight shaft to enhance the fields. A large brush cutter uses a bike handle, while a small one uses an elevated D-shaped handle.

The advantages of brush cutters

Easy to use: These brush cutter tools have compact designs for farmers’ convenience.
Versatile: There are several blade attachments on these cutters that allow them to be tailored to the job’s complexity.
Power tool: Brush cutters can easily remove small unwanted plantations and rough patches of ground.

Types of brush cutter

Bicycle handle brush cutters

A wide variety of brush cutters are available from these manufacturers. Brush cutters with bicycle handles work best on flat surfaces with large patches of grass and little weed growth.

Loop handle brush cutters

It is best to use this type of brush cutter when the farmer has to deal with large weeds, long trees that need grooming, and lots of hidden objects like rocks. There can be no doubt that these are suitable for steep slopes and pruning above the head level.

Brush cutter backpacks

The backpack option on these brush cutters allows for more comfortable transportation of the equipment. The brush cutters are also used for primary farm tasks, including cutting large grasses and weeds in flat areas where they are needed. These are not suitable for sloppy grounds, as the weight of the brush cutter and gravity might lead to unwanted falls.

Top 10 best brush cutters in India

The use of a perfect brush cutter is crucial to producing high-quality products. Here are the most preferred brush cutters with specifications and brush cutter prices in India, so you can make an informed choice

1. Neptune BC – 360 Brush Cutter

There is an exceptional engine capacity of 35.8 CC in this powerful brushcutter.
A diaphragm carburettor and a 1.0 KW RPM power it.
The Neptune BC-360 is powered by a 1.5 horsepower engine.
It is an innovative product that can be purchased for Rs. 13,999, which is a very reasonable price.

2. Balwaan Crop Cutter

It features the first 360-degree inclinable engine in the world made in India.
This crop cutter features a low-noise recoil starter to ensure smooth acceleration and back straps to ease carrying.
An OHC petrol engine powers this popular equipment.
Fuel efficiency is 0.63 litres and lubrication is provided by oil mist.
This is due to the high-quality materials used in building the Balwaan Crop Cutter.
Moreover, the price of this strong crop cutter only comes to Rs. 16,800.

3. Neptune BC – 520W Brush Cutter

Neptune’s brush cutter is one of the best on the market.
There is a strong engine capacity of 51.7 CC and a power rating of 1.95 HP in this brush cutter.
Featuring strong handles and a luxurious bumper, the Neptune BC-520 offers good thermal performance.
Additionally, it offers trouble-free uninterrupted acceleration through its easy startup system.
It is highly cost-effective with a price of Rs. 15,599.

4.Neptune BC – 360 Side Pack

Neptune BC – 360 Side Pack

A vibration-reducing technology is used on this mechanised equipment.
The petrol engine is maintenance-free and powerful.
This product is made from a strong material that ensures perfect farmland grooming.
Several brush cutter blades can be fitted to the Neptune BC – 360 for multi-purpose use.
The long-lasting brush cutter costs Rs. 11,999, which is an affordable price.

5. Honda UMK450T UTNT Brush Cutter

This is a heavy-duty brush cutter specifically designed for tough jobs in the field.
It is the first 2 hp 4 stroke engine cutter in India – perfect for rough, sloppy terrain.
Noise and vibration are reduced initially with this heavy-duty brush cutter, manufactured with advanced technology.
A 360-degree inclining engine and double padded belt harness are features of the Honda UMK450T UTNT.
It is affordable for farmers at Rs. 38,187, and comes with all essential features.

6. Husqvarna 532 RBS Backpack Brush Cutter

The brush cutter is designed with anti-vibration technology.
It is easier to start the cold engine with the efficient air purge.
The brush cutter is equipped with a multi-300 grass knife that ensures a good finish on farmland.
There is a sufficient power speed of 7500 RPM, and the operator’s sound pressure does not exceed 87 Db.
An OEM harness and backpack are included with the Husqvarna 532 RBS.
It sells for Rs. 18,999, which makes it a great value.

7. Husqvarna 525RS Brush Cutter

Heavy trimming can be done with this piece of powerful and versatile agriculture equipment.
In addition to providing maximum power, the X-Torq engine also helps to reduce fuel consumption.
The handlebars are angled to provide a good grip, and the air purge allows for effortless acceleration, as the engines are cold.
The auto return stop switch and stand-alone starter make this implement a popular choice among farmers.
Despite its affordability, Husqvarna 525RS is easy to operate.

8. Husqvarna 143R-II Brush Cutter

Featuring a compact design that is highly suitable for rough terrains, this brush cutter is one of the most reliable brush cutters available.
A double harness and asymmetrical handlebars make this brushcutter convenient for farmers.
A maximum power speed of 7500 RPM is achieved by this equipment when operating at 1.5 kW.
The Husqvarna 143R-II has a die casted clamp that makes it quite durable.
A brushcutter like this can be purchased for an affordable price of Rs. 34,000.

9. Neptune BC – 1200E

The Neptune brush cutter is one of the most durable on the market.
Multipurpose blades are ideal for farmland finishing.
The engine runs at 1.0 kW RPM and is powered by a 1200E engine.
Noise is controlled by Neptune BC-1200E’s anti-vibration technology.
Farmers will find this device highly feasible as it is reasonably priced at Rs. 8899.

10. Honda UMK435T U2NT Brush Cutter

Honda’s outstanding product is packed with all the essential features to boost productivity.
It is ideal for all types of agricultural lands thanks to its 360-degree inclination.
An overhead cam single cylinder 4-stroke engine with 1.5 horsepower powered the machine.
An electric magneto ignition and recoil starter serve to ensure smooth operation of this brushcutter.
Honda UML435T U2NT cuts perfectly with two blades and consumes less fuel.
The most important benefit of this product is that it has the lowest cost-effectiveness of any long-lasting and reliable product on the market.

Aarug Agro is the only place where you can buy the best brush cutters at cost-effective prices, along with the meaning, benefits, and types of brush cutters. Agricultural machinery and brush cutters in India can be found on our website.

The 9 Best Rural Marketing Strategies In India

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 12, 2023

0

The 9 Best Rural Marketing Strategies In India

Rural Marketing: Indian economy is dominated by the rural market in this highly developed era. As a result, most marketers in India strive to reach the rural market and rural consumers. In this blog, we’ll discuss how to target rural consumers with the best rural marketing strategies.

India’s rural markets are one of the biggest and most important markets changing rapidly with time. Rural markets in India are not separate entities and are highly influenced by social and behavioral factors. Marketing activities aimed at satisfying the rural consumer encompass demand, product planning, distribution, and the entire marketing process. Rural markets include all business activities that flow goods and services from producers to rural consumers. Since transport and communication have improved greatly over the last decade, rural marketing is also much easier than it was for pioneers. Rural markets and rural consumers can be reached in many ways.

How Does Rural Marketing Work?

To meet rural customers’ needs and wants and achieve organizational goals, rural marketing involves pricing, developing, promoting, and distributing rural goods and services.

Opportunities In Rural Marketing

Rural marketing offers the following opportunities:

Broad Base Of Customers : In today’s rural market, there are a total of around 895 million people living in more than 664,000 villages. According to estimates, this population will increase by 1.7% by 2022.

Mobile phone and Internet usage have increased : The number of people using the Internet in rural areas is approximately 227 million, compared to 205 million in urban areas. Nevertheless, this number is expected to increase by a decent percentage in the near future.

Opportunities for employment are increasing : Through government initiatives, rural development has led to financial development. Additionally, it has increased employment opportunities for rural residents, raising their incomes.

Increase the literacy rate: There is an increased awareness of education among the rural population in this new generation. The government understands the importance of education and encourages it. The importance of education is also understood by older people as a result of them. Rural India has a literacy rate of 71% as of 2015.

Types of Rural Marketing

Rural marketing in India can be classified into the following types

The periodic market: Rural marketing in India is characterized by periodic markets. Periodic markets are also vital for rural people’s rural economy and social life despite urbanization and the growth of retail outlets. Fairs and weekly markets are two institutions that do periodic marketing.

The mobile trader: In addition to mobile traders, there are other agencies that provide the limited needs of rural consumers, including vegetables, fruits, clothes, utensils, cosmetics, spices, and toiletries. Rural people often need items that mobile traders sell from one place to another, from one house to another.

Permanent Retail Shops : Increasing population in villages leads to an increase in income, a rise in demand for goods, and a daily development of permanent retail outlets. There was no way for traditional fairs, weekly markets, or peddlers to satisfy the need, so permanent shops began to develop.

The latest trends and innovations in rural marketing

The following are recent trends and innovations in rural marketing that give rural consumers and the rural market a new dimension.

Population is huge

Revolution in green
Mobile phones
Increasing education level
Rural youth are more employable
Powerful purchasing power
Governing incentives and policies
The media
Penetration of IT
Conscious of brands
Rural marketing objectives

The objectives of rural market research make it easy for marketers to reach out to rural consumers. Rural marketing search objectives are as follows:

Learn about the psychographics and demographics of rural customers.
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of promotional efforts.
Forecasting sales
Test new products with rural customers.
Keep an eye on the competition.
Find out “what went wrong”.

Marketing Strategies In Rural Areas

Today, marketers in India can reach rural consumers with many rural marketing strategies. Your brand will flourish in rural areas if you plan and implement an effective rural marketing strategy. The rural market is filled with a variety of methods, from hoarding to mobile. The rural marketing industry in India is evolving, and now it is easier for rural marketers to reach rural markets. In the following section, we discuss top rural marketing strategies for reaching rural markets in India. The use of these methods has made rural marketing a lot easier.

1. Rural Market Segmentation

It is crucial to segment the rural market properly as the first step in rural marketing.

The process involves segmenting potential rural markets into distinct sub-markets of consumers with similar needs and characteristics.
Developing a rural marketing strategy begins with segmenting the rural market.
As soon as the segmentation is completed, the marketer targets the identified customer segments with the appropriate marketing mix so that they are able to recognize the product/brand of the company.
By recognizing differences in response characteristics between market segments, market segmentation helps marketers maximize the response from limited marketing resources.

To get started, the organization can do the following:

Selected markets should be targeted
Focus on a few brands

Select villages for focus

2. Competitive Strategy

The Five Forces model by Michael Porter for developing strategies can be used by marketers looking to enter the rural market.

The supplier : A marketer’s focus must be on supplies in this process. This is accomplished by not only producing high-quality products but also selling them at a reasonable price.

Power of the customer : Rural consumers have become more empowered and knowledgeable about products than ever before as a result of increased literacy, television, advertising, and increased exposure to urban markets. To meet the needs of consumers, markets must offer quality products.

Power of the customer : To reduce the likelihood of new entrants arriving and surviving, rural marketing companies in India should build good relationships with retailers by living in the rural market themselves.

The potential entrants: Rural areas have high levels of illiteracy, low awareness, and a high dependence on retailers, which lead to counterfeiting and alternative products flourishing. This menace must be countered so that millions spent on brand building are not wasted. By packaging, promoting, and recognizing brands, companies can ensure rural consumers are educated.

Product alternatives: Market competition in rural areas differs greatly from that in urban areas. Rural market competitive strategies differ on almost all five forces, indicating that the rural market’s strategic approach differs significantly from the urban market’s approach.

3.Strategy for Products

Rural marketing requires a good product strategy. Below are some points to consider in this regard:-

Understand product value
Packaging
Branding
Logos & Symbols

4. Pricing Strategy

There is a need for companies to price their products competitively in rural areas and to provide maximum value for the money spent there.
A cost structure that is aggressive can help Indian companies achieve this. In order to maintain a low cost of products, rural market products need to be redesigned.
A good example of this would be refill packs.

5. Hoardings and wall paintings for advertising

Advertisement Via Hoardings & Wall Paintings

The use of hoardings as an advertising medium is quite ancient and still very effective. It seems odd that rural marketing is best achieved through this method.
Marketers or advisers place hoardings on the side of the road during this process.
Rural areas are the best places for branding, besides hoarding.
Wall painting designs are determined by markets and advertisers. The layout artwork is then completed by a local artist.
There is a preference for simplicity and traditional values in the rural areas of India.
A village’s wall painting is a surefire way to attract the attention of its residents.
The best way to brand your product in rural markets is to use this method.

6. The mobile van

A video or audio creates a more impactful impression than any other type of media. In rural areas, these mediums also negatively affect brand perceptions. Mobile vans can be an effective marketing tool for rural areas.
A mobile van can also be used to spread the brand’s image and message across several villages in a single day.
The mobile van will be stocked with leaflets, flyers, and product samples in order to further enhance the brand’s visibility in the area.

7. Kiosk Setup

When branders want one-on-one interaction with rural people, then kiosk setup is one the best ways or rural marketing strategies.
For this, you have to set up the kiosk in the popular areas of the village like a post office, the marketplace, near a high school, etc., to attract them. Then, as a result, they will be influenced to reach the kiosk out of their curiosity.
Kiosk setup also helps you to have a detailed conversation with potential consumers about the brand. This, in turn, helps in building a solid image of the brand among the villagers.
You can also use shop branding to increase your brand’s popularity in rural areas.

8. Shop Branding

Shop Branding
- You can also use shop branding to increase your brand’s popularity in rural areas.
- Your brand will create an immediate response among rural consumers when you advertise in and around the village shop.
- Advertising in malls is the same in rural marketing as it is in urban marketing.
- Customers are induced to buy a product by seeing an advertisement near a retail outlet.
- In this way, rural marketing is very impactful.
9.Events & Fairs (Melas)

Fairs (Melas) & Events
- A village fair is one of the most anticipated events of the year.
- It is common for locals to hold village fairs or events during festivals.
- Fairs like these draw crowds from the surrounding villages and almost the entire village.
- Thus, stalling at these fairs is a great way to attract the attention of a village to your brand
Brands can reach rural markets efficiently with these rural marketing strategies. It is not surprising that there are many brands in India that want to capture the rural market, as it is a vast and developed market. Today, almost every marketer, whether old or new, wants a piece of this pie. As a result, you should follow these rural marketing strategies and methods if you are one of them.

Aarug Agro: Farmer Friendly Platform

Similarly, Aarug Agro has made a special place among the rural peoples by following some of these methods. It is a farmer-friendly platform from where farmers can easily get all the agriculture-related information like Aarug, farm implements and agriculture news. Apart from information, Aarug Agro also helps sell and buy tractors, farm implements and harvesters , farmland and animals/livestock. And much more you will find things and information related to agriculture here. For rural peoples, Aarug Agro is easily available in their native language so they can understand the platform and its service. Also, for farmers or rural peoples convenience, Aarug Agro provides proper customer support to guide them. With time, Aarug Agro has made a good reach to the rural peoples. That’s why today, approx 40-50 lakh users visit the site per month.

A buffalo dairy farm Project Report: Costs and Profits

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 10, 2023

0

Buffalo Dairy Farm: Agricultural labourers and small/marginal farmers rely heavily on dairy farming for their livelihoods. Animal manure is another good source of organic matter for increasing soil fertility and crop yields. Gobar Gas from the waste is used as fuel for domestic objects and for drawing water from the well. Feeding the animals with surplus fodder and farming byproducts is a valuable use of surplus raw materials. Most buffalo farms and transportation operations are powered by bullocks. Agricultural work is mostly seasonal, so buffalo dairy farming provides employment throughout the year for many people. Throughout the year, the dairy is also employed. It is small and marginal farmers as well as landless workers who benefit most from dairy businesses.

Dairy Farm Project Report

The livestock population of India is the largest in the world, and the country is thriving. The country is home to 57.3% of the world’s buffalo population and 14.7% of its cattle population. It is therefore possible to significantly increase milk production through Murrah buffalo farming. We will give you all the buffalo farming tips in this buffalo farming project report. A buffalo farm can be started with its help.

Financial Assistance from Banks for Buffalo Farming

In the case of dairy projects with large outlays, detailed project reports must be prepared. A capital asset item could be the purchase of dairy animals, construction of sheds, or equipment purchase. The initial feeding cost is capitalised and loaned as a term loan. A loan can be taken out for the cost of land improvement, digging, fencing of wells, commissioning of diesel engines/pump sets, servants’ quarters, godowns, electricity connections, transport vehicles, milk processing facilities, etc.

Bank Loan Application for Buffalo Farming Project

A beneficiary can prepare a buffalo farm project report after consulting with local technical personnel at the State Animal Husbandry Department, DRDA, Dairy Co-operative Society/Union/ Federation/commercial dairy farmers. Ideally, beneficiaries should also visit dairy farms in the area and discuss the profitability of dairy farming with government/agricultural university/military dairy farms. Experience in the buffalo farming business and good practical training are highly desirable. Dairy cooperative societies, if present in villages, would provide all necessary support, particularly for marketing fluid milk. Dairy farms should be located near veterinary clinics, artificial insemination centers, and such societies.

A Dairy Farm Project Report provides details

A dairy farm project report should include the following technical, financial, and managerial information.

1. Technical Needs for Buffalo Business Plan

Land & land development (including location, proximity, area, suitability of the site for the road, site maps, etc.)
Proposed capacity / No. of milch animals
Civil structures (Sheds, office quarters, storeroom, milk room, staff room etc.)
Equipment, Machinery and Plant (Chaff cutter, Feed grinder and mixer, Milking pails/milk cans, Silo pit, Milking machine, Biogas plant, Equipment for manufacture of products, Bulk coolers, Truck/van)
Housing Type of housing (age range – Adults, calves (no more than 1 year old), and heifers (1-3 years old)
Animals (Source of purchase, Proposed species, Proposed breed, Place of purchase, Distance, Cost of buffalo)
Production parameters (Milk yield (Ltrs. per day), Order of lactation, Conception rate, Lactation days, Dry days, Mortality(%) – Adults, Youngstock)
Breeding Facilities (Capacities, Availability of semen, Staffing, Source, Expenditures per animal/year)
Feeding (Source of fodder and feed – Dry fodder, Green fodder, Concentrates. Fodder crop rotations- Summer, Kharif, Rabi. Fodder cultivation expenses, costs and Requirement)
Veterinary Aid Source (Services available, Location-Distance (km), Facilities available, If own arrangements are made, Employed a stockman/veterinary doctor/consultant, Periodicity of visits, The cost of one animal per year)
Water (the source, availability, quality, cleaning and fodder production, the type of structure, the design, and the cost)
Electricity (Source, connected load, approval from SEB, problems with power outages, generator arrangements)
Marketing of other products (Age, price expected, place of sale, Manure qty./animal, price per unit (Rs.), Empty gunny bags-number, cost per bag (Rs.)
Marketing of milk (Source of sales, Distance (km. ), Price Realized – (Rs. per liter), Place of Disposal, Basis of Payment, Periodicity of Payment

2. Financial Needs to Start a Buffalo Dairy Farm

Financial viability (Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Benefit-Cost Ratio)
The financial position of the borrowers (income tax, debt equity ratio and other tax obligations paid up to date, profitability ratios, current audit)
Lending Terms (Rate of Interest, Nature of Security, Repayment Period, Grace Period)

3. Managerial Overview in Buffalo Farming India

( A ) Borrower’s profile:

Individuals/cooperative societies/corporations/partnerships/companies/others
The proposed capability for handling business
Experience in the proposed activity
Soundness of the financial system
Qualifications specific to a particular field

dequacy of managerial/technical staff

(B) Others:

Financial institution’s name
Providing training facilities for buffalo farmers
State and federal government support is available
If there are any regulatory approvals, etc.

4. Appraisal of the Project Report for a Dairy Farm

You should present the scheme to your nearest bank branch. The bank’s officer can assist in preparing the plan or completing the prescribed application form. Afterward, the bank will assess the scheme’s technical feasibility and financial viability.

5. Sanction and Disbursement of Bank Loan

The bank approves the scheme after ensuring its financial viability and technical feasibility. A loan is disbursed in kind in 2 to 3 stages in exchange for the creation of specific assets, such as the building of a buffalo shed, the purchase of equipment and machinery, the purchase of animals, and the initial purchase of feeds/fodders. The bank follows up constantly on the end-use of the funds.

6. Dairy Farm Project Report: General Lending Terms

Outlay: Depending on the local circumstances, the unit size, and the elements included in the project, the cost of the scheme will vary. The outlay can be calculated based on prevailing market prices.

Margin Money: Between 10 and 25% of the loan amount is the margin, depending on the class of the borrower.

Interest Rate for an ultimate borrower: It is up to the banks to decide the interest rates within the general guidelines. The interest rate assumed for the model projects is 12 % p.a. for calculating their economic viability and bankability.

Security: Security will be as per RBI guidelines issued from time to time.

Loan repayment period: A scheme’s repayment period is determined by its gross surplus. Loans are repaid in convenient monthly or quarterly installments, usually within five to seven years.

Insurance: Depending on the circumstances, either annual policies or long term policies may be taken out to protect the animals and capital assets.

7. Economics of Dairy Farming

The following is a model buffalo farming project for dairy farming in India with 10 buffalo. The cost of inputs and outputs, as well as field parameters, are shown here. The first thing we should do is look at buffalo farming information.

( A ). The cost of buffalo farming in India

Cost of buffaloes	5,00,000
Cost of transportation	10,000
Animal shed’s construction	60,000
Calf shed’s construction	24,000
Chaff cutter and Equipment’s cost	60,000
Total	6,54,000

(B).The Techno-Economic Parameters in the Dairy Farm Project Report

Type of Animal	Graded Murrah Buffalo
No. of Animals	10
No. of animals/batch	5
Murrah buffalo price (Rs./animal)	50,000
Transportation Cost/Animal	1,000
Cost of culled animal	5,000
Average Milk Yield (litre/day)	10
Cost of construction per sqft (Rs.)	120
Floor space (sqft) per adult animal	50
Floor space (sqft) per calf	20
Cost of chaff cutter (power-operated) (Rs.)	50,000
Cost of equipment per animal (Rs.)	1,000
Veterinary aid/animal/ year (Rs.)	1,000
Insurance premium (% per annum)	5
Concentrate feed quantity in one bag(kgs.)	50
Cost of green fodder (Rs./kg)	1
Cost of concentrate feed (Rs./kg)	12
Cost of dry fodder (Rs./kg)	2
Salary of labourer per month (Rs.)	4,500
No. of labourers	1
Electricity cost and water/animal/year (Rs.)	150
The selling price of milk/litre (Rs./litre)	26
The sale price of gunny bags (Rs.per bag)	10
Margin (%)	25
Rate of interest (%)	12
Repayment period (years)	5
Lactation days	270
Dry days	150

(C) Indian Buffalo Dairy Farming Feeding Schedule

Type of feed	Lactation			Dry
Type of feed	Price (Rs.)	Qty. (kg)	Cost Per Day (Rs.)	Qty. (kg)	Cost Per Day (Rs.)
Concentrate Feed	12	5	60	2	24
Green Fodder	1	25	25	20	20
Dry Fodder	2	4	8	5	10
Total			93		54

ii) Total Concentrate Feed Consumed (Kgs.)

Year	Lactation	Dry	Total	No. of Gunny Bags
Year 1	8,250	300	8,550	171
Year 2	11,250	2,700	13,950	279
Year 3	11,250	2,700	13,950	279
Year 4	12,000	2,400	14,400	288
Year 5	12,000	2,400	14,400	288

iii) Dairy Farm / Animal Project Report Lactation Chart

Year	I Batch		II Batch
Year	Lactation days	Dry days	Lactation days	Dry days
I	240	30	90	0
II	240	120	210	150
III	210	150	240	120
IV	210	150	270	90
V	210	150	270	90

(D). An analysis of the economics of the Murrah Buffaloes Dairy Farm Project

Particulars	Years
Particulars	1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
Sale of Milk	4,29,000	5,85,000	5,85,000	5,85,000	6,24,000
Sale of Gunny bags	1,710	2,790	2,790	2,880	2,880
Total	4,30,710	5,87,790	5,87,790	5,87,880	6,26,880
Cost of feeding during lactation	1,53,450	2,09,250	2,09,250	2,23,200	2,23,200
Cost of feeding during dry period	8,100	72,900	72,900	64,800	64,800
Veterinary aid and breeding charges	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000	10,000
Labour charges	54,000	54,000	54,000	54,000	54,000
Electricity and misc. charges	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500	1,500
Insurance charges	25,000	25,000	25,000	25,000	25,000
Total	2,52,050	3,72,650	3,72,650	3,78,500	3,78,500
Surplus	1,78,660	2,15,140	2,15,140	2,09,380	2,48,380

( E ). An analysis of the Buffalo Dairy Farm Project’s BCR and IRR

1st	2nd	3rd	4th	5th
Capital Costs	6,54,000
Recurring Cost	2,52,050	3,72,650	3,72,650	3,78,500	3,78,500
Total Costs	9,06,050	3,72,650	3,72,650	3,78,500	3,78,500
Buffalo Farming Profit	4,30,710	5,87,790	5,87,790	5,87,880	6,26,880
Net Buffalo Farming Profit	-4,75,340	2,15,140	2,15,140	2,09,380	2,48,380

Profit margin calculation in dairy farming business = Total Earnings – Total Cost = 8,60,560 – 4,75,340 = 3,85,220

Total Earnings of 5 years = 2,15,140 + 2,15,140 + 2,15,140 + 2,15,140 = 8,60,560

Note: There may be changes to the information provided over time, as it is provided for educational purposes only.

The Goat Farming Project: Investments, Expenses, & Profits

organic-farming

Bhumika

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January 10, 2023

0

The Goat Farming Project: Investments, Expenses, & Profits

Goat Farming Project: A discussion of the Goat Farming Project Report is necessary. Ordinary people are first concerned about the price of doing that business. Today’s topic will be goat farming business plan, keeping this in mind. It will also explain how much doing goat farming business will cost. In order to provide an estimate of expenditures and income for people interested in goat farming.

Farmers and livestock owners can easily start a goat rearing or goat farming business, and farmers also rear goats for additional income. The lack of information prevents many farmers from getting loans for goat rearing. We will tell you how farmers can get goat farming loans and grants from the government for rearing 200 goats. As part of the government plan, goat for farming project reports will also describe he-goats along with goats.

The Goat Farming Project Report for the Goat Farming Subsidy

In order to apply for a goat farming loan, you must prepare a goat farming business plan or project report. This report is needed for raising cows, buffaloes, sheep, etc. You will learn about goat farming in India in this article. In order to raise goats, a person must specify where he wants to raise them, if the land belongs to him or if he is renting it. A detailed description of the farm, including the amount of land to be used and the cost of the shed’s construction, is required.

If you want to buy goats or he-goats, you must include the prices in the project report. A report on the project must include the cost of purchasing goats and he-goats for the interested person.
Having a meal after the accommodation is essential. As a result, the project report must describe how much food the goats will receive in a year. A project report must also include the total cost of the food.
Farmers can also obtain livestock insurance for goats under the livestock insurance scheme.
In addition to the project report, farmers must include additional expenses, such as those related to using machines or spending other materials. A livestock owner must explain how much will be spent on opening a goat farm in this way.

Process of Goat Farming

The District Animal Husbandry Department must approve the report before the person can receive the subsidy, i.e. government scheme. A subsidy will be available if the project report is approved. There is a different subsidy amount for each class, however, the amount may also vary between states. The amount is usually up to 50%. You can request a loan from your bank if the animal husbandry department’s project is approved for goat farming.

A loan is given only if it seems appropriate after the bank has thoroughly investigated the applicant. A person interested in goat farming can take goat rearing training from the district animal husbandry department or any of the training centers in India. A goat farming training certificate is provided by the training center to the trainee, which facilitates obtaining a bank loan for goat farming.

The following project reports relate to 200 goats and 10 he-goats. This report can be modified by farmers as they wish. You can mention an overpriced component in your report, for example.

Goat Farming Project Report Rules

This Project Report is based on the Black Bengal goat breed. In this, 200 goats of 2 years of age and 10 he-goats will be purchased.
It is possible to feed goats with manure produced from goat farms.
When a goat or he-goat dies, it is necessary to purchase a new goat or he-goat for farming.
It is important to make this clear. This goat farming project report has pronounced he-goat, he-goats for (Male Goat) and goat, goats for (Female Goat).

The cost of starting a goat farm will be explained to you.

Technical Details
Goat Breed	Black Bengal
Number of He-goats	10
Number of goats	200
Sex Ratio	20:1
Breeding Interval	8 Months
Goat Breeding Ability / Breeding	1.5 This means a goat can produce three children in 1 year. Or, on average, you can run it with a value of 2.7.
The Age of The lamb Sold In The Market	11 Months
Maturity Age of Goat	10-12 Months
Death Rate of The Lamb	15%
Percentage of Lamb	85%
Goat Farming System	Semi-Intensive

Expense Norms of Goat Farming Project Plan

Construction costs are included in the expenses, as is the space where the goats will live.

The space needed for a goat is 10 square feet, and for a he-goat it is 15 square feet.
There is a need for 4 square feet of space for the lamb.
The cost of one square foot of land is also Rs 180.
There is a price of Rs 16 per kg for feeding food.
It is important to include the farm’s labour charges in your calculations.
The project report will also include the cost of goat insurance.

Expense Norms of Project Report On Goat Farming
Space in square feet / he-goat	15 square feet
Space per goat	10 square feet
Every lamb needs a space	4 square feet
Cost of construction	Rs 180 per sq ft
Cost of goat farming equipment for mature goats per goat	Rs 20
Cost per acre to produce green grass for goat	Rs 5000
Goat feeding quantity for one month before and after breeding. per goat	6.75 kg/per month
The quantity of feeding he-goats for two months in a year (Only in breeding season)	7.5kg/per month
Lamb food quantity for 30 days after birth. per lamb	3.75 kg per month
Price per kg of the above-mentioned food	Rs 16
need for labour	1
labour wages per month	Rs 5000
Goat insurance: % of the total cost of breeding goats	5%
Veterinary expenditure: per year on each mature goat and He-goat	Rs.50 per year

Goat Farming Project Expenditure

Sheds, equipment, Borewell Pumps, and other items are included in the goat farming project report.

There is a cost per square foot of land of Rs 180.
There is a need for 2000 square feet of land for the total number of goats.
A total of 1840 square feet is needed for the lambs.
There is a cost of Rs 3000 for purchasing one goat.
The cost of purchasing one he-goat is Rs 5000.

The total number of he-goats need 150 square feet of land.

One time Capital Cost	Amount in Indian Rupee
Rs 180 per sq. ft., and the cost of shed 200 goats at the rate of 10 sq. ft. per goat	3,60,000 (One goat needs 10 square feet and 200 goats need 2000 square feet, multiply 2000 by 180).
The cost of shedding 10 he-goats at the rate of 15 square feet per goat	27,000 (multiplying 15 by 10 will give 150, now multiply 150 by 180)
For about 460 lambs, at the rate of 4 square feet per child, 1840 square feet of space is required. The cost of its shedding	3,31,200 (Multiply 1840 by 180)
Cost of buying equipment like trough and bucket used in goat farming project in India	18,000
Borewell Pump With Set (Optional)	90,000
The cost of buying 200 goats at the rate of Rs 3000 per goat	6,00,000
The cost of buying 10 he-goats at the rate of Rs 5000 per he-goat	50,000
Total Capital Cost	14,76,200

Goat Farming Project Working Capital

The operating costs of any project are included in working capital, and here we have the goat farming business’s total operating expenses.

This report shows a labour cost of 5000 per month.
It costs 5% of the total goat purchase price to insure the goats.
On an acre of land, goat food costs Rs 5000.

The cost includes feeding, vaccination, medicines, and electricity.

Goat Farming Project Cost	Amount in Indian Rupee
5000 per month as the cost of 1 Labor for one year	60000
Insurance cost 5% of the cost of buying goats, goats	32,500 (6,50,000 × 5%)
The cost of feeding 200 goats during two months of breeding, feeding 6.75 kg to one goat in a month. And the rate of feed is Rs 16 per kg	43,200 (200 goats will eat 1350 kg of food in one month and 2,700 kg of food in two months. Multiply 2,700 by 16)
Feeding cost of 10 he-goats for two months at the rate of 7.5 kg per month per he-goat	2,400 (10 he-goats eat 75 kg in one month and 150 kg supplementary feed in two months. Multiply 150 by 16)
The cost of feeding 460 lambs in a month is 3.75 kg per month per lamb	27,600 (460 lambs will eat 1725 kg of food in a month. Multiply 1725 by 16.)
5000 per acre to produce food for goats on 4 acres of land	20,000
Vaccination, medicines and electricity charges	26,100
Total Working Cost of the Goat Farming Project	2,11,800
Total Project Cost	14,76,200+2,11,800 = 16,88,000

The income report for the goat farming project

Earning Criteria from Goat Farming Project
11-month old he-goat sale rate/ per goat	Rs 2700
11 Months Goat Sale Rate/ Per Goat	Rs 2400
Rate/per bag of Used Gunny Bags	Rs 10
Income from fertilisers has not been included in this Goat Farming Project Report because we can use manure to produce food for the goats. The sex ratio between Born goat and he-Goat is taken as 1:1.

Report YoY of the Herd of Goats

The first 200 goats you bought were females and ten of them were males. It is possible to sell 230 he-goats and 230 goats after a year. Listed below are all the goats in the herd.

Year	First Year	Second Year	Third Year	Fourth Year
Number of goats purchased	200
Number of he-goats purchased	10
Breeding per breeding	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5
Number of goats born	270	270	270	270
The number of he-goats born	270	270	270	270
Mortality rate 15%	80	80	80	80
The number of goats available for sale	Goats reared in the first year will be sold in the second year	230	230	230
The number of he-goats available for sale	he-Goats reared in the first year will be sold in the second year	230	230	230

A summary of the goat farming project

As a result, you can see that the entire business of the last four years has been scrutinized. The following are goat farming profits and costs:

The capital cost of the business
The working cost of the business
The total cost of the business

Income in goat farming from the goats sold and he-goats sold, etc.

Year	First Year	Second Year	Third Year	Fourth Year
Capital cost	Rs 14,76,200
Working cost	2,11,800	2,11,800	2,11,800	2,11,800
Total cost	16,88,000	2,11,800	2,11,800	2,11,800
Income from goats sold	–	230 ×2400 = 5,52,000	230 ×2400 = 5,52,000	230 ×2400 = 5,52,000
Income from he-goats sold	–	230 ×2700 = 6,21,000	230 ×2700 = 6,21,000	230 ×2700 = 6,21,000
Earnings from Sold Gunny Bags	920	920	920	920
Total earnings	920	11,73,000	11,73,000	11,73,000
Total profit	-16,87,080	9,61,200	9,61,200	9,61,200

Future of Indian Agriculture and Emerging Trends in Agriculture

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 6, 2023

2

Future of Indian Agriculture and Emerging Trends in Agriculture

Table of Contents

Lastest Trends Agriculture : Agriculture is the most important sector for any country. A similar importance is accorded to agriculture in India. More than half of the country’s population is involved in this economy-based sector. The agriculture industry is at the core of India’s economy. It is essential to our livelihood. The importance of Indian agriculture and Indian farmers cannot be overstated. In order to help this sector grow, the Indian government and people take a number of steps. Thus, agriculture has emerged as one of the hottest sectors of the modern economy. There are a number of reasons why agriculture is growing.

Agricultural trends are characterized by new technologies and strategies that become more sophisticated with time. Over the last several decades, the agriculture sector has experienced new changes, as well as the development of new technologies. These factors all contribute to the growth of the sector. As agriculture develops, farmers are able to carry out their farming activities more comfortably and conveniently. In addition to helping agriculture grow, these trends and changes also improve the conditions of farmers.

“The beauty of agriculture is that it is a culture farmer.”

Emerging Trends In Agriculture

As a result of the latest trends in India, the agricultural production of the country has increased. In addition, it has prevented us from becoming a begging bowl for food as a net exporter of agricultural products after independence. A record 291.95 million tonnes of foodgrain are estimated to be produced in the country in 2019-20, according to the Second Advance Estimates. According to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), by 2030, there will be a 345 million tonne increase in food grain demand. As a result of agriculture trends, all of these things are happening. Agricultural developments and technologies have been developing rapidly in Indian agriculture over the past few years.

Keep reading this blog until the end to learn more about these Emerging Trends in Indian Agriculture.

The purpose of this blog is to help you understand agriculture and the latest trends in agriculture. As a result, we begin the blog without wasting any time.

1. Increase Food Production

Since new technologies such as the Green Revolution have been introduced to agriculture practices in India, food production has increased dramatically. The 1970s saw an annual growth rate of 2.08%. Food grains experienced an annual growth rate of 3.5% in 1980. Food grain growth rates like these are a hallmark of the Green Revolution, which helped India become self-sufficient in food grains and even a marginal exporter.

In the 1990s, the annual growth rate fell to 1.7%, almost equal to the annual increase in population. It wasn’t possible to maintain this pace during the 1990s. In 1990-91, there were 176.39 million tonnes of food grains produced. In 2008-09, there were 233.9 million tonnes. Food grain demand is likely to increase in the near future as the population grows and incomes rise.

It is estimated that food grain demand will increase by 2.6% in 2010. The country can export excess food grain to other countries if it maintains a 4% growth rate in agriculture production.

2. Agricultural Diversification

Agricultural production not only meets the demand for food grains, but also meets other development needs. Agriculture has been diversifying in recent years to include commercial and horticultural crops such as fruits, vegetables, spices, cashews, areca nuts, coconuts, dairy products, and animal husbandry.

There is also an increase in demand for these products. Both production and trade have grown in the agricultural sector due to the liberalization of the economy.

3. Emerging Trend in Horticulture Production

It is estimated that India produces the most fruits and vegetables in the world. As a result of India’s diverse geographical, climatic, and soil features, a wide variety of horticultural crops are grown there, including fruits, vegetables, spices, cashew, coconut, cocoa, areca nut, root and tuber crops, medicinal plants, etc.

A total of 63.5 million tonnes of fruits were produced in 2007-08, up from 29.0 million tonnes in 1990-91. Vegetable production has increased from 67.29 million tonnes in 1994-95 to 125.9 million tonnes in 2007-08. Cashew nuts are most commonly produced in India. From 3.7 lakh tonnes in 1991-92 to 6.0 lakh tonnes in 2003-04, cashew production has increased.

4. Raise in Floricultural Output

The flower industry spreads across Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and West Bengal at present, covering about 31,000 hectares. The commercial cultivation of floriculture has, however, been gradually increasing since the establishment of liberalization. The demand for Indian cut flowers on the international market is therefore growing continuously.

In 1994-95, the total amount of cut flowers exported was 28.7 crore. It was 96.6 crores in 1998-99. It is expected that India will exceed Rs. 200 crore in floriculture exports by 2010 as a result of the liberalized regime. A total of 0.87 million tonnes of loose flowers and 803.5 million tonnes of cut flowers were produced by the flower industry during 2007-08.

5. Free Trade

Agrarian produce has been allowed to move freely within the country as a result of liberalization. It has contributed to the expansion of agricultural trade, especially in food grains.

6. Agriculture Exports

India exports the most agricultural products in the world. As a result, this is one of the most important emerging trends in agricultural marketing under liberalization. Deregulation is resulting in an increase in agricultural exports under the WTO’s rule and its prospects for growth. As a result of low import costs of inputs, low labour costs, good climatic conditions and low input unit costs, India is in a good position in terms of agricultural exports.

In order for the agriculture sector to grow, agriculture exports are very important. Agricultural operations are also being diversified and employment opportunities are being created.

7. Developing New Biological Techniques

To meet the growing demand for food to feed the growing population, chemical fertilizers and pesticides were applied widely during the Green Revolution. Growing populations, a growing demand for food, and the exploitation of natural resources without limits have put the environment and agriculture at risk.

Biotechnology for agricultural operations is increasingly being used to avoid further damage to the environment and the agriculture sector, and new organic technologies are being developed to avoid further damage.

Agricultural trends such as these increase agricultural production and improve the sector’s conditions. The improvement of employment and farmer conditions are also a result of these trends. They also contribute to the success and growth of agriculture in India in the future.

Indian Grape Cultivation: Varieties, Uses & Methods

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 5, 2023

1

Indian Grape Cultivation: Varieties, Uses & Methods

Grape Cultivation : There is no doubt that grapes are the most popular fruit in the world. There is a special place in people’s hearts for this tasty and healthy fruit. During the summer, grapes are one of the most popular fruits. They are juicier and healthier than most other fruits. We can maintain our pH level with the help of this delicious fruit. The product comes in a variety of colors and varieties.

About Grapes Farming

Grapes are the world’s most popular crop. As well as making wine and raisin readiness, it can be used to make a table fresh fruit as well. Grapes also have the scientific name Vitis and are part of the Vitaceae family. Grape development is thought to have begun near the Caspian Sea; Indians are familiar with grapes from Roman times. About 40,000 hectares are under grape cultivation in India, primarily in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Grapes are primarily grown in Maharashtra.

Origin Of Grapes

The viticulture is believed to have originated in Armenia near the Caspian Sea in Russia, from where it spread west to Europe and east to Iran and Afghanistan. Invaders from Iran and Afghanistan brought grapes to India in 1300 AD.

Grape Production in India

Grape production in India is among the world’s top ten. A number of countries, including Italy, France, Spain, the USA, Turkey, China, and Argentina, are major grape producers. On an area of 0.05 million hectares, it produces 1.21 million tonnes (about 2% of the World’s production of 57.40 million tonnes). In 2001-2002. In India, grapes account for 1.2% of the total area under fruit crops. There are 2.8% of fruits produced in the country. Maharashtra accounts for about 80% of the production, followed by Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

Grape Production State in India		2017-2018
Sr. No.	States	Production (Tonnes)	Share (%)
1.	Maharashtra	2,286.44	78.30
2.	Karnataka	524.20	17.95
3.	Tamil Nadu	58.93	2.02
4.	Mizoram	18.00	0.62
5.	Andhra Pradesh	15.92	0.55
6.	Punjab	8.23	0.28
7.	Telangana	5.27	0.18
8.	Madhya Pradesh	1.28	0.04
9.	Jammu & Kashmir	0.89	0.03
10.	Nagaland	0.54	0.02
11.	Kerala	0.18	0.01
12.	Himachal Pradesh	0.13	0.00
13.	Haryana	0.09	0.00

Season of Grape Growing

India’s most lucrative farming industry is grape growing. The cultivation of grapes is called Viticulture. India generally grows grapes between October and January. Grapes are cultivated in India during spring because this is the season when they are able to grow well. There are times when grapes are planted when the rainstorm is late in June-July. The primary reason for keeping away from monsoon planting is to prevent infections on young children.

The trenches were opened for planting in the N-S direction. Tranches might measure sixty to seventy-five centimeters wide. After that, these trenches were loaded up with FYM, natural fertilizers, organic blends, neem cakes, etc. The sort of soil, the collection, and the preparation strategy all affect soil separation for planting. Typically, the distance between columns will be two to three meters, while the distance between plants within a line will be half that, accommodating plants from 2000 to 5000 per hectare.

Climatic Requirement For Grape Plantation

Mediterranean climates are ideal for grape crop development. When the weather is hot and dry, the plants grow and produce. Plants have a vegetative growth period between April and September, followed by a fruiting period between October and March under South Indian conditions. In order to affect the yield and quality of grapes, temperatures need to be above 100°C to 400°C. In addition to lowering the TSS: Acid ratio, high humidity and cloudy weather conditions are conducive to many parasitic illnesses.

Soil Requirement

Grapevines thrive on soils with pH 6.5 to 8.5, natural carbon content exceeding 1.0%, free from lime, and a medium water holding limit. However, the quality and yield of grapes are highest on soils with a pH of 6.5 to 8.5, natural carbon content above 1.0%, and medium water holding capacity. In the early harvest, however, medium yields with high TSS are harvested on medium soil types.

Cultivation Of Grapes

How to cultivate grapes or how to grow grapes is a common question that people widely ask, so for them, this section is the perfect stop. Following are the grapes cultivation methods:-

Grapes Plantation

The high demand for grapes is driving grape cultivation in India to increase rapidly. The fruits are cultivated using soil varieties and three specific weather conditions. South Indian commercial fruit. Among India’s most rewarding and productive developments is grape cultivation. A “growth pruning” is performed on Indian grapes to remove dry sticks.

The horticulture work halts during September and October. The poles need to be re-cut when the grapes are ready to bear organic produce from February to April. There are some interesting improvements made by some creative farmers in the two prunings. As a result of doing this, they get production in December-January, increasing their produce’s cost.

Grapes Irrigation

Irrigation of grapes is consistent and complete, ensuring a long harvest. The interval for a flood water system is 5-7 days during summer, 8-10 days during winter, and 15-20 days during the windy season, whereas the interval for a water system is 40-50 liters; 30-40, 20-30 liters of water per plant each day.

Grapes Farm Harvesting

North Indian plants bear fruit two years after they are planted. In early varieties, berries begin to ripen by the end of May. The majority of varieties, however, harvest when the foliage becomes sweet and changes colour near the tip. A day before harvesting, broken, rotten, deformed, undersized berries were removed. Temperatures above 200 °C are usually reached in the early morning when the bunches are harvested.

The yield varies depending on the climate, the variety, etc. Statistically speaking. Anab-e-Shahi and Bangalore Blue yield 40-50 tons per hectare, while seedless varieties yield 20 tons per hectare. A good yield is 20-25 tons per hectare.

Grape Varieties In India

This article discusses some varieties of grapes grown in India.

1. Thompson Seedless

There are several varieties of Indian grapes, but Thompson Seedless is the first on the list. A Sultana assortment of seedless grapes is called Thompson Seedless in the United States. In India, light green oval grapes are a common snack food, and their raisins are eaten as a snack. There are three main grape varieties grown in Northern India: Thompson Seedless, Pandhari Sahebi, and Beauty Seedless. Grape farms commonly grow this variety.

2. Bangalore Blue, Karnataka

Bangalore blue is the second grape variety on the list. Another popular variety is Bangalore blue, which is another seedless variety. Karnataka cultivates this variety extensively. Jams and jellies are made from this variety. The taste of these blue grapes gives them a special identity among the people. During rough summers, they keep your body hydrated. It’s worth a try if you’ve never tried this fruit before.

3. Anab-e-Shahi, Andhra Pradesh

Anab-e-Shahi is the third grape on the list. Grapes have a long history dating back to about 1900. This variety of grape is consumed raw or as juice. The An-e-Shahi grape is grown in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, etc. Originally cultivated in AP, this variety has spread to other states. Fruit seeds and skin contain a lot of nutritional value, keeping the body healthy. Grapes have an elongated shape and white seeds. The high demand for Sultana grape varieties will eventually lead to their extinction, however.

4. Dilkhush Grapes

Dilkhush Grapes are the fourth variety on the list. Likewise to sultana grapes, Anab-e-shahi grapes are clones of this variety. Grapes from Dilkhush have a spicy taste, and the best time to grow them is during the warm summer months of March and April. Many other states follow Karnataka as the state with the highest production. The raw or table purpose of this grape type is well known.

5. Sharad Seedless Grapes

Sharad seedless is the fifth variety on the list. There are black and purple varieties of this grape variety. There is a good sweetness to it, and it comes in a variety of bright colors. In India, Sharad seedless grapes are considered to be one of the healthiest fruits due to their high vitamin A, C, and B6 content. India’s northern regions are known for growing this grape variety, and Mumbai is the country’s leading grape-growing city. Sharad Seedless grapes are best cultivated in December and February. Foreign markets are very interested in this delicious fruit because of its taste and health properties.

Importance Of Grapes

Health Benefits Of Grapes:-

Packed With Nutrients such as Vitamin C & K
High Antioxidant of grapes, preventing Chronic Diseases
Plant Compounds of Grape, protecting against specific types of cancer
Profitable for heart health
Reduce cholesterol
Decrease blood sugar levels
Protect against diabetes

Uses Of Grapes:-

There are a lot of uses of grapes, some of them are mentioned below for grape lovers.

Wine

Wine is fermented from grapes.

Shake

The grapes used in making shakes make them easy to prepare.

Ice Cream

Grape, fresh cream, honey, or sugar are the only ingredients in this creamy, soft, and delicious ice cream.

Juice

Juice made from grapes that is delicious and healthy.

Grape Pie

Concord grapes are the main ingredient in grape pie.

Angur Chaat

There are several types of fruit chaats, but grape chaat is one of the most popular.

Here are the grape varieties, and we hope you learn everything you need to know about grapes, grape farms and their uses. Please visit Aarug Agro if you are interested in grape cultivation implements in India. Among the topics covered here are grape cultivation technologies and many others.

The Health & Wealth of an Indian Nation: Sustainable Farming

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 5, 2023

0

The Health & Wealth of an Indian Nation: Sustainable Farming

Table of Contents

Sustainable Farming : Hello farmers, We hope you are doing well with your farm or farming. Your dedication to feeding the whole country makes you a true patriot. We can only imagine how many difficulties you face for us, how many catastrophes you face. It was a head-on confrontation for you. Your harvest and food always provide us with a good harvest. You have sacrificed and obligated yourself for our benefit.

As time goes on, our country proves day by day that a good food system is needed or that it needs to be converted into one. The food system in our country has many shortcomings that farmers face. As a result, Sustainable Farming should be implemented in India.

Farmers and people in India have difficulty understanding sustainable farming. The majority of farmers in India don’t know anything about sustainable agriculture. My opinion is that every farmer in India should be aware of sustainable farming in India, how it benefits them, and why they should consider it. The purpose of this blog is to share information with you about sustainable agriculture. Stay tuned with us and find out everything you need to know about sustainable agriculture.

What is Sustainable Agriculture?

In the last few years, sustainability has become very popular, and now it is used to describe a range of items. Sustainable agriculture – what is it and how is it practiced in India? An agricultural practice that uses sustainable methods to produce plant and animal products, including food, to protect the environment as well as public health, communities, and animals.

Agriculture in India that is sustainable allows us to produce healthy foods and textiles without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same. In order to practice sustainable farming in India, you must find the right balance between the need for food production and the protection of ecosystems.

In addition to improving farmers’ quality of life, sustainable agriculture increases economic stability for farms. Approximately 40% of the world’s population is employed in agriculture, which remains the most prominent organization.

Types Of Sustainable Agriculture

Sustainable agriculture is defined in the discussion. There are two types of definitions: ecocentric and technocentric.

Ecocentric

Technocentric

An ecocentric view holds that Earth’s environment, including its atmosphere, water, land, and all life forms, has inherent value. It means they should be protected and considered if humans can’t use them as resources.

Human development is sustainable if life on the Planet is not endangered by drowning. Based on the ecocentric approach, we can claim that a certain human activity, such as fishing, is sustainable if it allows for the reproduction of the species fished on an unchanged scale.

Technocentric is a value system centred on technology and its ability to control and protect the environment. Instead, environmental problems are seen as problems to be solved using logical, scientific and technological means. Scientists believe in analytical technocentric research.

Sustainable Agricultural Practice In India

Farmers can make more profit by using sustainable farming practices, which improve agricultural production and efficiency.

Experience and practices show that sustainable farming in India increases productivity and reduces environmental damage. Agricultural practitioners who practice sustainable agriculture strive to combine environmental, economic, and social pillars.

A number of sustainable farming practices have been developed over many years of scientific research and practice. Several examples of sustainable farming can be found in India, such as using a polyethylene mulch fabric that is biodegradable.

Planting crops and embracing diversity.
Reducing tillage.
Applying integrated pest management (IPM).
Combining livestock and crops.

Using agroforestry practices.

Self Sustainable Farming In India

Are you interested in starting a self-sustaining farm in India? How can you make self-sustaining farming in India?

Features of the farm: They should decide the location of farmlands (near a city, near main highways, near a market, away from forest borders where wild animals can destroy the crops, etc.), the size of the farm, availability of sufficient water (rivers, ponds, bore wells) for different agriculture activities, availability and wages of labour for farm work, nearness to social and local markets, availability of power supply, and availability of organic manures and fertilizers for organic farming, if needed, are all factors that define how one can make a self-sustainable and productive, and successful.

Infrastructure: To succeed, you’ll need sufficient farm infrastructure: a processing and storage facility for produce, a tractor shelter, shelters for farm animals, transportation, repair and maintenance services, and even a nursery.

Types and choices of farming activities that can take up:

The mass production of grains (corn, wheat, rice, legumes and oilseeds)

Specialized crops (flowers, fruits, etc.) that can be efficiently and profitably sold.

Various animal farming systems: Farm animals (dairy cattle, goats, chicken, rabbits, etc.), most effective.

Fish farming in farm ponds: Farm ponds are used to harvest rainwater during the monsoon season, and the water is used for cropping, growing farm animals, and increasing fish, ducks, etc.

Vertical farming in nurseries is under a controlled atmosphere. Year-round production is possible here.

Sustainable Agriculture Companies In India

The following are the top 10 sustainable agriculture companies in India. Sustainable farming practices and sustained use of its products are important to this company.

S.No.	Companies	Description
1	BASF	Founded in 1865, Germany. They were engaged in such a program called ‘Samruddhi’, ‘Suraksha Hamesha’ and offered a ‘Sanrakshan® Kit’ to farmers.
2	Good Eggs	Founded in 2011, USA.
3	Aero Farm Systems	Founded in 2004, USA. They grow delicious, nutritious green leafy herbs without sunlight, soil, or pesticides.
4	Plenty	Founded in 2013, USA. They are on a mission to bring fresh, local produce to cities everywhere in a way that’s better for the environment.
5	Atos	Founded in 1997, France. It is a leader in digital services with a pro forma yearly income of circa EUR 12 billion and 100,000 employees in 72 countries.
6	Impossible	Founded in 2011, USA. Impossible makes delicious, nutritious food, meat and dairy products directly from plants.
7	Ecovative Design	Founded in 2007, USA. It is a leading biomaterials company growing high performance, award-winning products that are secure, healthy, and certified sustainable.
8	LanzaTech	Founded in 2005, USA. It converts carbon monoxide gases produced by industries, steel manufacturing, oil refining and chemical production, and gases caused by gasification of forestry and agricultural residues.
9	Bolt Threads	Founded in 2009, USA. The study of silk proteins found in nature to determine what gives them their unbelievable properties. They produce proteins inspired by these natural silks by planting genes into yeast.
10	Memphis Meats	Founded in 2015, USA. Memphis Meats creating a new sort of farming to modify the way meat is made. We love meat, we know that there are significant problems with modern animal agriculture.

Policies For Sustainable Agriculture In India

India’s National Agricultural Policy (NAP) has emphasised the importance of management and conservation of resources by declaring that ‘the policy will seek to promote technology, economically viable, environmentally non-degrading, and socially. It is acceptable by the country’s natural resources land, water and genetic ability to promote sustainable farming agriculture in India.

Is Organic Farming Sustainable In India?

Organic farming in India is a question that every farmer asks. A comparison is also being made between sustainable development and organic farming in India.

Farmers in India can easily start organic farming because it is sustainable. It is important for them to understand the difference between organic and sustainable farming. In India, the difference between organic farming and sustainable development is not that great.

Sustainable development is defined as economic growth conducted without the reduction of natural resources.

Sustainable development is almost synonymous with organic farming. We are restoring the balance of the environment through organic farming.

Here is a very basic approach to organic farming for the sustainable environment, which includes:

Improvement and preservation of the natural landscape and agro-ecosystem.
Avoidance of overexploitation of natural resources.
Less consumption of non-renewable energy resources.
Maintenance and increase soil health by soil organic manures and avoid hurting them with pesticides.
Optimum economic returns, with a safe and healthy working environment.
Recognition of the features of natural know-how and traditional farming system.

Sustainable Organic Farming In India

Compared to conventional farming, organic farming has a greater impact on a nation’s economy and the environment. Agricultural growth in organic agriculture is a natural skill in India.

Several factors contributed to India’s slow adoption of organic farming. One of the most prominent organic farmers in the world, it has achieved fast development in organic agriculture. Indian farmers benefit from organic farming by securing sustainable development and ensuring a sustainable farming industry.

The practice of this type of farming relies more on sustainable farming practices to grow crops, and it avoids using chemicals that are not part of the natural ecosystem. Agriculture that is organic can provide meaningful socioeconomic and ecological development in developing countries. The use of local resources, natural seed varieties, manure, etc., and cost-effectiveness, are outstanding applications of organic principles.

Importance Of Organic Farming In India

Among the many benefits of organic farming is that it preserves the organic composition of the soil. Organic farming mostly avoids the continuous removal of Ozone due to pesticides, industrial leakage, and more.

They support and improve soil fertility and structure, biodiversity. They do this by making their organic fertilizer from dead plants and other organic waste.
Organic farming reduce the risk of human, animal and environmental exposure to toxic effects through pesticides, fertilizers and other chemicals.
They modify their farming ways to meet local conditions and market demands.
Sustainable Agriculture Notes

The principles of sustainable agriculture include organic fertilizer, soil and water storage, natural pest management, and the use of minimal nonrenewable energy. This is a way to emphasize the ability of a farm to continue producing without relying on outside data.

According to the world

There is a rapid growth in Earth’s population, and that growth requires more resources.

According to the United Nations, there will be nine billion people in the world by 2050, which will require an increase in food production of 70% to feed a booming population. Today, one billion plus people are dependent on agriculture. It is essential to produce food for humans, but the expanding population of the planet is posing a growing concern about our ability to produce that much food with limited natural resources. As a result of this concern, food waste in the United States is a major issue, with 30 to 40 percent of food going to waste from farm to plate. Agricultural production must change due to these unsustainable practices.

According to the Indian State

The state of Andhra Pradesh currently uses some kind of non-pesticide management in 13 districts. By 2027, Andhra Pradesh plans to become India’s first 100% “zero budget natural farming” state, requiring approximately 6 million fields over 8 million hectares of land to be converted for sustainable farming.

The following is a complete guide to sustainable farming in India. This blog is meant to be informative and we hope you enjoy it. Keep up with Aarug Agro for more updates and new information on sustainable farming in India or organic farming in India.

Types Of Smart Sensors In Agriculture For Farming in India

organic-farming

Bhumika

-

January 5, 2023

0

Types Of Smart Sensors In Agriculture For Farming in India

Smart Sensors In Agriculture: Agriculture is being affected by rapid population growth, weather changes, decreased rainfall, and the demand for excess food to sustain billions of people around the world. Those practices have negative impacts on traditional farming. Agriculture is getting smarter with the introduction of smart sensors.

Currently, farming is being pushed to become more “smart” by using modern and intelligent technologies. In order to meet the ever-increasing consumption needs of the global population, we must find solutions to maximize resource utilization.

A smart sensor can provide farmers with real-time information about the crops, the environment, and the ecosystem, allowing them to monitor and optimize their crop production.

It is possible to separate and treat sick cows while locating and tracking their herd with the help of a smart agriculture sensor, which helps with animal identification, heat detection, and health monitoring. The use of smart sensors improves farmers’ understanding of their crops and their productivity, helps them sustain resources, and allows them to prevent or control the impact of the crops on the environment.

Why are sensors important in agriculture?

Agriculture sensors are used for smart farming in agriculture.

Farmers can monitor and optimize crops based on environmental conditions and challenges with their help.

Farmers use these sensors in weather stations, drones, and robots to monitor the weather.

It is possible to control them precisely with mobile apps, which are developed specifically for this purpose.

Agricultural sensors that are wirelessly connected. These sensors can be controlled via mobile phone applications or directly through Wi-Fi.

Types Of The Sensors In Agriculture

An analog or digital sensor measures or detects natural world conditions, like motion, heat, or light, and converts them into analogue or digital data.

The use of sensors in agriculture for smart agriculture incorporates many types.

1. Optical Sensors In Agriculture

A variety of frequencies of light is used to determine soil properties. The sensors are mounted on vehicles or drones, allowing soil reflectance and plant colour data to be gathered. The content of clay, organic matter, and soil moisture can be determined using optical sensors.

2. Electrochemical Sensors For Soil Nutrient Detection

This tool is used to collect soil chemical data. In order to detect soil nutrients, electrochemical sensors are used. The soil samples are sent to a lab for testing. A pH measurement is carried out with an ion-selective electrode. A particular ion, such as nitrate, potassium, or hydrogen, is detected by these electrodes.

3. Mechanical Soil Sensors For Agriculture

A pressure scale or load cell measures the force using a mechanism that cuts through the soil.

In the course of cutting, breaking, and dislodging soil, a sensor records the hold forces that result. Measured in units of pressure, soil mechanical resistance is the ratio between the force required to enter the soil medium and the frontal area of the tool engaged with the soil.

4. Dielectric Soil Moisture Sensors

The device measures soil moisture levels. Rain check locations around the farm are used with the moisture sensors. Low vegetation levels allow for observation of soil moisture conditions.

5. Location Sensors In Agriculture

A sensor determines the range, distance, and height of a particular position within a given area. This is done with the help of GPS satellites.

6. Electronic Sensors

To check how field equipment operates, it is attached to tractors and other equipment. The data is then sent directly to computers or emailed to people via cellular and satellite communication systems. When the field executive returns to the office, the information can be retrieved on his computer or cell phone.

7. Airflow Sensors

While on the move, it can be used to make measurements at particular locations. The desired output is the pressure needed to push a determined amount of air into the ground. Different soil properties, including compaction, structure, soil type, and moisture level, produce different identifying signatures.

8. Agriculture Sensors IOT

In addition to measuring and recording air temperature, soil temperature at various depths, rainfall, leaf wetness, chlorophyll, wind speed, dew point temperature, wind direction, relative humidity, solar radiation, and atmospheric pressure, this sensor provides information at periodic intervals.

There is a big list of sensors used in agriculture IOT sensors which means (Solutions for Smart Farming).

(a) Monitor the weather conditions
(b) Automation of greenhouses
(c) Managing crops
(d) Cattle Management And Monitoring
(e) Smart Precision Based Agriculture Using Sensors
(f) Agricultural Drones

How do Agriculture Sensors Help Small Scale Farmers?

Small-scale farmers can benefit from agricultural sensors by using a wide range of tools and devices.

There are some farmers who cannot afford all these agricultural sensors. A smartphone is the only cost that farmers must bear, and that is only a small amount. There are a number of applications on a smartphone that work exactly as sensors for your fields. This can save them the expense of all those sensors.

So let’s know about all those phone applications and their tools also.

Smartphone Tools	Smartphone Applications
GPS	Provides location for mapping crops, location alerts for disease/pest, solar radiation predictions, and fertilizing.
Camera	Provides pictures of leaf health, lighting, brightness, and ripeness level. Also used for measuring Leaf Area Index (LAI) and measuring soil organic.
Microphone	It helps to predict maintenance of machinery.
Accelerometer	It helps to determine Leaf Angle Index.

Uses Of The Sensors In Agriculture

The following sensors are used in smart farming:

In agriculture sensors, IoT, or agricultural weather stations, they are used. Sensors on these devices provide information about soil temperature, air temperature, rainfall, leaf wetness, chlorophyll, wind direction, solar radiation, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, etc.

These sensors are used by agro-based industries to measure trunk diameter, leaf wetness, and many other farming applications.
The sensors in smart agriculture drones are used to spray pesticides and insecticides on the crops.
Farmer’s love solar-powered pumps because of their easy mobility to reduce electricity expenses.
Rural India has become very popular with e-fences, which keep animals out of crops.

Advantages Of Sensors In Agriculture

Agriculture Sensors have many advantages from which you can benefit.

Agricultural sensors were developed to meet the increasing demand for food while consuming a minimum amount of water, fertilizer, and seeds.

Their ease of use and maintenance make them ideal for beginners.
The best quality and lowest price are found in sensors.
Their fields and crops can be measured for pollution and global warming using these instruments.
Remote control is possible with these sensors, as they are equipped with wireless chips.

How does the use of Sensors in Agriculture can help the farmers in a futuristic way?

Agriculture robots and technologies now commonly used by farmers, labour shortages, and the need to feed an increasing global population.

As a result of lower costs of smart sensors and the vision and mission of machine education, robots and sensors can now see and train their surroundings.

The use of online cloud services and dashboards allows farmers to monitor their fields’ pest groups remotely and take immediate action to protect their crops

Things To Consider Before Starting Smart Sensors In Agriculture System

We can see that sensors can be used in agriculture in a multitude of ways. It is possible to increase the performance, productivity, and revenue of your farm through the use of smart devices in many ways. It is not for everyone, however, to operate and utilize Agriculture Sensors.

The use of sensors in agriculture and smart farming has specific challenges, which need to be understood before investing.

Choose Sensor For Your Device

Choosing the right sensors for your device is the first step in creating a clarification for agriculture. The type of information you want to gather and the purpose of your solution will determine what you choose. It is important that the data collected by your sensors is accurate and authentic for the success of your product.

Brain Of Your Device

Every smart sensor in agriculture solution should focus on data analytics. In order to derive actionable insights from the obtained data, you need convincing data analytics capabilities as well as algorithms and machine learning.

Maintenance Of Your Device

The maintenance of your sensors is essential if they are used in the field and are susceptible to damage. It is important to choose a durable and easy-to-maintain device in this situation. If you do not replace your sensors frequently, you will have to replace them more frequently than you would like.

Mobility Of Device

A smart farming application should be used in the field. All information should be accessible from a smartphone or desktop computer, either on-site or remotely.

In order to send data to the main server, each device should be independent and have a sufficient wireless range.

Reliable Infrastructure For Your Device

In order for your smart farming application to perform well, you have to have a reliable internal infrastructure.

The internal systems of your company must be completely secure. You increase your chances of losing data or even taking control of your field sensors if you fail to properly secure your system.

Connectivity Of Your Device

Smart farming is challenging due to the need to transfer data between many agricultural devices and facilities. To ensure uninterrupted operations, these facilities need a reliable connection that can withstand bad weather conditions.

It is our hope that the information provided here is adequate and reliable. You will definitely benefit from this information as you shop for a smart and reliable agriculture sensor. Aarug Agro provides information about smart farming, profitable agriculture, and sensors in agriculture.

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